Abstract
Hantaviruses are tri-segmented negative sense single stranded RNA viruses that belong to the family Bunyaviridae. In nature, hantaviruses are exclusively maintained in the populations of their specific rodent hosts. In their natural host species, hantaviruses usually develop a persistent infection with prolonged virus shedding in excreta. Humans become infected by inhaling virus contaminated aerosol. Unlike asymptomatic infection in rodents, hantaviruses cause two acute febrile diseases in humans: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS). The mortality rate varies from 0.1% to 40% depending on the virus involved. Hantaviruses are distributed world wide, with over 150,000 HFRS and HPS cases being registered annually. In this review we summarize current knowledge on hantavirus molecular biology, epidemiology, genetic diversity and co-evolution with rodent hosts. In addition, special attention was given in this review to describing clinical manifestation of HFRS and HPS, and advances in our current understanding of the host immune response, treatment, and prevention.
Keywords: Hantavirus, epidemiology, immune response, pathogenesis, clinical manifestation, treatment, prevention
Current Molecular Medicine
Title: Hantaviruses: Molecular Biology, Evolution and Pathogenesis
Volume: 5 Issue: 8
Author(s): Svetlana F. Khaiboullina, S. P. Morzunov and Stephen C. St. Jeor
Affiliation:
Keywords: Hantavirus, epidemiology, immune response, pathogenesis, clinical manifestation, treatment, prevention
Abstract: Hantaviruses are tri-segmented negative sense single stranded RNA viruses that belong to the family Bunyaviridae. In nature, hantaviruses are exclusively maintained in the populations of their specific rodent hosts. In their natural host species, hantaviruses usually develop a persistent infection with prolonged virus shedding in excreta. Humans become infected by inhaling virus contaminated aerosol. Unlike asymptomatic infection in rodents, hantaviruses cause two acute febrile diseases in humans: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS). The mortality rate varies from 0.1% to 40% depending on the virus involved. Hantaviruses are distributed world wide, with over 150,000 HFRS and HPS cases being registered annually. In this review we summarize current knowledge on hantavirus molecular biology, epidemiology, genetic diversity and co-evolution with rodent hosts. In addition, special attention was given in this review to describing clinical manifestation of HFRS and HPS, and advances in our current understanding of the host immune response, treatment, and prevention.
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Cite this article as:
Khaiboullina F. Svetlana, Morzunov P. S. and St. Jeor C. Stephen, Hantaviruses: Molecular Biology, Evolution and Pathogenesis, Current Molecular Medicine 2005; 5 (8) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156652405774962317
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156652405774962317 |
Print ISSN 1566-5240 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5666 |
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