Abstract
In recent years, there has been an increasing prevalence of obesity and related diseases. This epidemiological change has increased the interest of researchers in the molecular and biochemical pathways involved in the pathogenesis of hepatic and biliary diseases. Insulin resistance is considered the major mechanism involved in the hepatic and biliary manifestations of obesity. Epidemiological, clinical, and basic research demonstrates that insulin resistance is associated with gallstone disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and poor outcomes in viral hepatitis C treatments. Fascinating experimental evidence demonstrates that fat-induced hepatic insulin resistance may result from the activation of kinases leading to impaired insulin signaling. The insulin-resistant state is characterized by a failure to suppress hepatic glucose production and glycogenolysis, with enhanced fat accumulation in hepatocytes because of increased lipolysis, increased free fatty acid uptake by hepatocytes, and increased hepatic synthesis of triglycerides. This molecular signaling induces a low-grade chronic inflammatory state, characterized by increased levels of proinflammatory molecules and acute-phase proteins. This review summarizes the most important molecular and biochemical issues in the hepatic and biliary diseases associated with insulin resistance.
Keywords: Insulin resistance, gallstone disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, hepatocellular carcinoma, obesity, metabolic syndrome
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Hepatobiliary Diseases and Insulin Resistance
Volume: 14 Issue: 18
Author(s): Nahum Mendez-Sanchez, Noberto C. Chavez-Tapia, D. Zamora-Valdes, Roberto Medina-Santillan and Misael Uribe
Affiliation:
Keywords: Insulin resistance, gallstone disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, hepatocellular carcinoma, obesity, metabolic syndrome
Abstract: In recent years, there has been an increasing prevalence of obesity and related diseases. This epidemiological change has increased the interest of researchers in the molecular and biochemical pathways involved in the pathogenesis of hepatic and biliary diseases. Insulin resistance is considered the major mechanism involved in the hepatic and biliary manifestations of obesity. Epidemiological, clinical, and basic research demonstrates that insulin resistance is associated with gallstone disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and poor outcomes in viral hepatitis C treatments. Fascinating experimental evidence demonstrates that fat-induced hepatic insulin resistance may result from the activation of kinases leading to impaired insulin signaling. The insulin-resistant state is characterized by a failure to suppress hepatic glucose production and glycogenolysis, with enhanced fat accumulation in hepatocytes because of increased lipolysis, increased free fatty acid uptake by hepatocytes, and increased hepatic synthesis of triglycerides. This molecular signaling induces a low-grade chronic inflammatory state, characterized by increased levels of proinflammatory molecules and acute-phase proteins. This review summarizes the most important molecular and biochemical issues in the hepatic and biliary diseases associated with insulin resistance.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Nahum Mendez-Sanchez , Noberto C. Chavez-Tapia , D. Zamora-Valdes , Roberto Medina-Santillan and Misael Uribe , Hepatobiliary Diseases and Insulin Resistance, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2007; 14 (18) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986707781368540
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986707781368540 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Medicinal Chemistry: From Cancer to Chronic Diseases.
The broad spectrum of the issue will provide a comprehensive overview of emerging trends, novel therapeutic interventions, and translational insights that impact modern medicine. The primary focus will be diseases of global concern, including cancer, chronic pain, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune conditions, providing a broad overview of the advancements in ...read more
Approaches to the treatment of chronic inflammation
Chronic inflammation is a hallmark of numerous diseases, significantly impacting global health. Although chronic inflammation is a hot topic, not much has been written about approaches to its treatment. This thematic issue aims to showcase the latest advancements in chronic inflammation treatment and foster discussion on future directions in this ...read more
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Infectious Inflammatory Diseases: Focus on Clinical Implications
The Special Issue covers the results of the studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of non-infectious inflammatory diseases, in particular, autoimmune rheumatic diseases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other age-related disorders such as type II diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Review and research articles as well as methodology papers that summarize ...read more
Chalcogen-modified nucleic acid analogues
Chalcogen-modified nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides have been of great interest to scientific research for many years. The replacement of oxygen in the nucleobase, sugar or phosphate backbone by chalcogen atoms (sulfur, selenium, tellurium) gives these biomolecules unique properties resulting from their altered physical and chemical properties. The continuing interest in ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Targeting the Histamine H4 Receptor: Future Drugs for Inflammatory Diseases
Current Organic Chemistry Clinical Consequences and Novel Therapy of Hyperphosphatemia: Lanthanum Carbonate for Dialysis Patients
Recent Patents on Cardiovascular Drug Discovery Cerebrovascular Damage as a Cause for Alzheimers Disease
Current Neurovascular Research Assessment of Vascular Geometry for Bilateral Carotid Artery Ligation to Induce Early Basilar Terminus Aneurysmal Remodeling in Rats
Current Neurovascular Research Modulation of Cardiovascular Function by Adipokines
Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders-Drug Targets The IL23/Th17 Pathway as a Therapeutic Target in Chronic Inflammatory Diseases
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) Implications of the Obesity Epidemic for Statin Therapy: Shifting Cholesterol Metabolism to a High Synthesis and Low Dietary Absorption State
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Pharmacologic and Perioperative Considerations for Antihypertensive Medications
Current Clinical Pharmacology Blood Biomarkers in Cardioembolic Stroke
Current Cardiology Reviews PEDF in Angiogenic Eye Diseases
Current Molecular Medicine Therapeutic Properties of Mushrooms in Managing Adverse Effects in the Metabolic Syndrome
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Synthesis and In Vivo Acute Antihyperglycemic Evaluation of Novel Isosteviol Derivatives
Letters in Drug Design & Discovery Adiponectin: A Key Player in Obesity Related Disorders
Current Pharmaceutical Design Current Problems with Non-Specific COX Inhibitors
Current Pharmaceutical Design Angiogenic and Antiangiogenic Factors in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy
Current Diabetes Reviews Oxidative Stress in Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Dizziness Patients, Basally and After Polyphenol Compound Supplementation
Current Molecular Medicine Sex Differences in the Clearance of CYP3A4 Substrates: Exploring Possible Reasons for the Substrate Dependency and Lack of Consensus
Current Drug Metabolism A Neurotrophic Rationale for the Therapy of Neurodegenerative Disorders
Current Alzheimer Research Cardiovascular Comorbidities of COPD: When Do they Occur and How are they Managed?
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews Principles of Clinical Management of Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Extremely Preterm Neonates
Current Pediatric Reviews