Abstract
At its most fundamental, cancer is a genetic disease in the sense that the primary events in tumorigenesis involve damage to the genome. The genome is subject to damage continuously from both exogenous agents and endogenous processes but this becomes functionally important only if the damage is not detected and resolved in a timely and effective manner. In mammals there are 5 DNA repair pathways, encoded by approximately 150 genes, which appear to have arisen early in evolution and which are highly conserved. Given the substantial epidemiological and experimental evidence that variation in dietary intake accounts for a significant proportion of the variance in cancer prevalence, an a priori case can be made that dietary factors may influence the effectiveness of DNA repair. A review of the literature has identified 4 observational and 8 intervention studies in human subjects where DNA repair (or a component thereof) has been measured in relation to nutrition. This rather limited evidence base precludes drawing definitive conclusions, but the fact that there were significant effects of dietary supplements in 5 out of the 8 intervention studies suggests that food components and/or nutritional status may influence DNA repair. This review considers possible molecular mechanisms through which such factors could modulate repair.
Keywords: DNA repair, DNA damage, DNA methylation, mitochondrial DNA, nutrients, folate, selenium, gene expression, zinc finger proteins
Current Cancer Drug Targets
Title: Nutrition and DNA Repair - Potential Molecular Mechanisms of Action
Volume: 7 Issue: 5
Author(s): J.C. Mathers, J.M. Coxhead and J. Tyson
Affiliation:
Keywords: DNA repair, DNA damage, DNA methylation, mitochondrial DNA, nutrients, folate, selenium, gene expression, zinc finger proteins
Abstract: At its most fundamental, cancer is a genetic disease in the sense that the primary events in tumorigenesis involve damage to the genome. The genome is subject to damage continuously from both exogenous agents and endogenous processes but this becomes functionally important only if the damage is not detected and resolved in a timely and effective manner. In mammals there are 5 DNA repair pathways, encoded by approximately 150 genes, which appear to have arisen early in evolution and which are highly conserved. Given the substantial epidemiological and experimental evidence that variation in dietary intake accounts for a significant proportion of the variance in cancer prevalence, an a priori case can be made that dietary factors may influence the effectiveness of DNA repair. A review of the literature has identified 4 observational and 8 intervention studies in human subjects where DNA repair (or a component thereof) has been measured in relation to nutrition. This rather limited evidence base precludes drawing definitive conclusions, but the fact that there were significant effects of dietary supplements in 5 out of the 8 intervention studies suggests that food components and/or nutritional status may influence DNA repair. This review considers possible molecular mechanisms through which such factors could modulate repair.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
J.C. Mathers , J.M. Coxhead and J. Tyson , Nutrition and DNA Repair - Potential Molecular Mechanisms of Action, Current Cancer Drug Targets 2007; 7 (5) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156800907781386588
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156800907781386588 |
Print ISSN 1568-0096 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-5576 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Cancer Biomarkers and Potential Drug Targets: From Diagnosis to Therapy
Cancer biomarkers play a crucial role in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of cancer. They provide valuable information for cancer detection, risk assessment, treatment selection, and monitoring response to therapy. With advancements in molecular biology and high-throughput technologies, there has been an increasing interest in identifying and characterizing cancer biomarkers ...read more
Novel Therapeutic Approaches to Target Drug Resistant Tumors
With the development of disciplines such as chemical biology and molecular biology, the genes or proteins closely related to tumor occurrence and development have gradually become clear. Targeted therapies targeting these genes or proteins provide more effective methods for tumor treatment. Tumor targeted drugs generally only act on specific targets ...read more
ROLE OF IMMUNE AND GENOTOXIC RESPONSE BIOMARKERS IN TUMOR MICROENVIRONMENT IN CANCER DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT
Biological biomarkers have been used in medical research as an indicator of a normal or abnormal process inside the body, or of a disease. Nowadays, various researchers are in process to explore and investigate the biological markers for the early assessment of cancer. DNA Damage response (DDR) pathways and immune ...read more
Targeting the battlefield between host and tumor: basic research and clinical practice on reshaping tumor immune microenvironment
Immune system protects host against malignant tumors through effector cells and molecules. Cancer development and its response to therapy are regulated by inflammation, which either promotes or suppresses cancer progression. Chronic inflammation facilitates cancer progression and treatment resistance, whereas induction of acute inflammatory reactions often lead to anti-cancer immune responses. ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Anti-Breast Cancer Agents from Chinese Herbal Medicines
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry The Potential Role of Radiation Therapy in Bowens Disease: A Review of the Current Literature
Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials Immunomodulation and Anti-inflammatory Roles of Polyphenols as Anticancer Agents
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Anti-cancer Peptides from Ras-P21 and P53 Proteins
Current Pharmaceutical Design Flavones from Root of Scutellaria Baicalensis Georgi: Drugs of the Future in Neurodegeneration?
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets The Roles of Parathyroid Hormone and Calcitonin in Bone Remodeling: Prospects for Novel Therapeutics
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets An Update on the Systemic Therapy of Malignant Salivary Gland Cancers: Role of Chemotherapy and Molecular Targeted Agents
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Anti-Cancer Agents Targeting the Hedgehog Signaling Pathway with Small Molecules
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry PP2A and Alzheimer Disease
Current Alzheimer Research Resveratrol in Medicinal Chemistry: A Critical Review of its Pharmacokinetics, Drug-Delivery, and Membrane Interactions
Current Medicinal Chemistry A Pharmacological Primer of Biased Agonism
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Recent Advances in Small Molecule Inhibitors of VEGFR and EGFR Signaling Pathways
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Advances in Targeting Insulin-like Growth Factor Signaling Pathway in Cancer Treatment
Current Pharmaceutical Design Interconnection of Estrogen/Testosterone Metabolism and Mevalonate Pathway in Breast and Prostate Cancers
Current Molecular Pharmacology Interfering with Hedgehog Pathway: New Avenues for Targeted Therapy in Rhabdomyosarcoma
Current Drug Targets When BMP Signalling Goes Wrong: The Intracellular and Molecular Mechanisms of BMP Signalling in Cancer
Current Signal Transduction Therapy Ghrelin: A Gastric Peptide that Regulates Hypothalamic Control of Feeding
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Central Nervous System Agents CSF as a Surrogate for Assessing CNS Exposure: An Industrial Perspective
Current Drug Metabolism Nanotechology-Based Strategies to Enhance the Efficacy of Photodynamic Therapy for Cancers
Current Drug Metabolism The miRNAs and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Cancers
Current Pharmaceutical Design