Abstract
Immunosenescence is characterized by a peculiar remodeling of the immune system, mainly induced by lifelong antigenic burden and oxidative stress. Apoptosis or programmed cell death plays a central role in the ageing process. Both recurrent antigenic stimulations and oxidative metabolism by-products, impinging upon the immune system, modify the apoptotic capability of lymphocytes, driving immunosenescence. The apoptosis remodeling, in addition to inflamm-ageing, i.e. the upregulation of anti-stress responses and inflammatory cytokines, represents one of the major determinants of ageing rate and longevity, as well as of the most common age-related diseases. The cells of the immune system undergo two different kinds of apoptotic processes: activation-induced cell death (AICD), geared towards the elimination of unnecessary lymphocytes following clonal expansion, and damage-induced cell death (DICD), particularly important for preventing the onset of neoplastic proliferations. During senescence these apoptotic pathways are differentially modulated, with variable impacts on the ageing process. A correct modulation of apoptosis may be useful for prolonging the lifespan or at least reducing age-related degenerative, inflammatory and neoplastic diseases whose incidence increases with age. This review focuses on the role of AICD and DICD dysfunction in the ageing process and highlights emerging anti-ageing therapeutical strategies offered by apoptosis re-modulation. The challenge for the future is to identify factors and signals that regulate apoptotic processes and determine if selective apoptosis manipulation in specific lymphocyte subsets could preserve immune function in the elderly, contributing to successful ageing.
Keywords: Immunosenescence, apoptosis, therapeutic intervention
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Apoptosis Remodeling in Immunosenescence: Implications for Strategies to Delay Ageing
Volume: 14 Issue: 13
Author(s): Massimo De Martinis, Claudio Franceschi, Daniela Monti and Lia Ginaldi
Affiliation:
Keywords: Immunosenescence, apoptosis, therapeutic intervention
Abstract: Immunosenescence is characterized by a peculiar remodeling of the immune system, mainly induced by lifelong antigenic burden and oxidative stress. Apoptosis or programmed cell death plays a central role in the ageing process. Both recurrent antigenic stimulations and oxidative metabolism by-products, impinging upon the immune system, modify the apoptotic capability of lymphocytes, driving immunosenescence. The apoptosis remodeling, in addition to inflamm-ageing, i.e. the upregulation of anti-stress responses and inflammatory cytokines, represents one of the major determinants of ageing rate and longevity, as well as of the most common age-related diseases. The cells of the immune system undergo two different kinds of apoptotic processes: activation-induced cell death (AICD), geared towards the elimination of unnecessary lymphocytes following clonal expansion, and damage-induced cell death (DICD), particularly important for preventing the onset of neoplastic proliferations. During senescence these apoptotic pathways are differentially modulated, with variable impacts on the ageing process. A correct modulation of apoptosis may be useful for prolonging the lifespan or at least reducing age-related degenerative, inflammatory and neoplastic diseases whose incidence increases with age. This review focuses on the role of AICD and DICD dysfunction in the ageing process and highlights emerging anti-ageing therapeutical strategies offered by apoptosis re-modulation. The challenge for the future is to identify factors and signals that regulate apoptotic processes and determine if selective apoptosis manipulation in specific lymphocyte subsets could preserve immune function in the elderly, contributing to successful ageing.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
De Martinis Massimo, Franceschi Claudio, Monti Daniela and Ginaldi Lia, Apoptosis Remodeling in Immunosenescence: Implications for Strategies to Delay Ageing, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2007; 14 (13) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986707780831122
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986707780831122 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Medicinal Chemistry: From Cancer to Chronic Diseases.
The broad spectrum of the issue will provide a comprehensive overview of emerging trends, novel therapeutic interventions, and translational insights that impact modern medicine. The primary focus will be diseases of global concern, including cancer, chronic pain, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune conditions, providing a broad overview of the advancements in ...read more
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Infectious Inflammatory Diseases: Focus on Clinical Implications
The Special Issue covers the results of the studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of non-infectious inflammatory diseases, in particular, autoimmune rheumatic diseases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other age-related disorders such as type II diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Review and research articles as well as methodology papers that summarize ...read more
Chalcogen-modified nucleic acid analogues
Chalcogen-modified nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides have been of great interest to scientific research for many years. The replacement of oxygen in the nucleobase, sugar or phosphate backbone by chalcogen atoms (sulfur, selenium, tellurium) gives these biomolecules unique properties resulting from their altered physical and chemical properties. The continuing interest in ...read more
Current advances in inherited cardiomyopathy
Describe in detail all novel advances in multimodality imaging related to inherited cardiomyopathy diagnosis and prognosis. Shed light to deeper phenotypic characterization. Acknowledge recent advances in genetics, genomics and precision medicineread more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Mechanism and Inhibition of LpxC: An Essential Zinc-Dependent Deacetylase of Bacterial Lipid A Synthesis
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Enteric Ecosystem Disruption in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Can the Microbiota and Macrobiota be Restored?
Current Pharmaceutical Design Design and Synthesis of 2-Methylthio-3-substituted-5,6-dimethylthieno [2,3-d] pyrimidin-4(3H)-ones as Analgesic, Anti-Inflammatory and Antibacterial Agents
Medicinal Chemistry DGAT: Novel Therapeutic Target for Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Current Drug Targets - Immune, Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders Parallel and Multiplexed Bead-Based Assays and Encoding Strategies
Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening Stem-cell-based Therapies for Improving Islet Transplantation Outcomes in Type 1 Diabetes
Current Diabetes Reviews Comprehensive Analysis of SARS-COV-2 Drug Targets and Pharmacological Aspects in Treating the COVID-19
Current Molecular Pharmacology Comparison of the Expression and Immunogenicity of Wild-Type and Sequence-Modified HIV-1 gag Genes in a Recombinant Sendai Virus Vector
Current HIV Research Natural Product-Derived Small Molecule Activators of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 (HIF-1)
Current Pharmaceutical Design Neuropathic Pain: Models and Mechanisms
Current Pharmaceutical Design Ceramide and Apoptosis: Exploring the Enigmatic Connections between Sphingolipid Metabolism and Programmed Cell Death
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Airway Epithelium Directed Gene Therapy for Cystic Fibrosis
Medicinal Chemistry Drug Discovery and Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases
Current Medicinal Chemistry The Potency of Refined Mouse Models: Implications for Clinical Trials
Current Cancer Therapy Reviews Long-Circulating Liposomal Delivery System Targeting at PDGFR-β Enhances the Therapeutic Effect of IFN-α on Hepatic Fibrosis
Current Pharmaceutical Design Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs as Candidates for the Prevention or Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease: Do they Still Have a Role?
Current Alzheimer Research Short Bioactive Marine Oligosaccharides: Diving into Recent Literature
Current Biotechnology A Mini Review on Biological Activities of Pyridazinone Derivatives as Antiulcer, Antisecretory, antihistamine and Particularly Against Histamine H3R
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Differences in Relative Levels of 88 microRNAs in Various Regions of the Normal Adult Human Brain
MicroRNA Recent Progress in Work on PGD2 Antagonists for Drugs Targeting Allergic Diseases
Current Pharmaceutical Design