Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of zinc- and calcium-dependent secreted or membrane anchored endopeptidases. MMPs are involved in many physiological processes but also take part in the pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for a wide range of diseases. Pathological expression and activation of MMPs are associated with cancer, atherosclerosis, stroke, arthritis, periodontal disease, multiple sclerosis and liver fibrosis. Thus, noninvasive visualisation and quantification of MMP activity in vivo are of great interest in basic research and clinical application. This can be achieved by scintigraphic molecular imaging techniques such as single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) provided suitable radiolabelled tracers exist, e.g. radioactive inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPIs). The approach to monitor MMP activity in vivo using radiolabelled small molecule inhibitors suitable for SPECT and PET is summarised in this review. Briefly, latest advances in scintigraphic imaging are introduced and followed by a report about the enzyme class of MMPs. The involvement of MMPs in cancer and atherosclerosis is exemplified and small molecule MMPIs are classified. Subsequently, the development of radiolabelled small molecule MMPIs, their synthesis and in vitro and in vivo evaluation is reviewed. Finally, an outlook on the clinical potential of labelled MMPIs in diagnostic algorithms is given.
Keywords: Matrix metalloproteinases, radiolabelled inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases, CGS 27023A, molecular imaging, positron emission tomography PET, single photon emission computed tomography SPECT
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Molecular Imaging of Matrix Metalloproteinases In Vivo Using Small Molecule Inhibitors for SPECT and PET
Volume: 13 Issue: 23
Author(s): S. Wagner, H.-J. Breyholz, A. Faust, C. Holtke, B. Levkau, O. Schober, M. Schafers and K. Kopka
Affiliation:
Keywords: Matrix metalloproteinases, radiolabelled inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases, CGS 27023A, molecular imaging, positron emission tomography PET, single photon emission computed tomography SPECT
Abstract: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of zinc- and calcium-dependent secreted or membrane anchored endopeptidases. MMPs are involved in many physiological processes but also take part in the pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for a wide range of diseases. Pathological expression and activation of MMPs are associated with cancer, atherosclerosis, stroke, arthritis, periodontal disease, multiple sclerosis and liver fibrosis. Thus, noninvasive visualisation and quantification of MMP activity in vivo are of great interest in basic research and clinical application. This can be achieved by scintigraphic molecular imaging techniques such as single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) provided suitable radiolabelled tracers exist, e.g. radioactive inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPIs). The approach to monitor MMP activity in vivo using radiolabelled small molecule inhibitors suitable for SPECT and PET is summarised in this review. Briefly, latest advances in scintigraphic imaging are introduced and followed by a report about the enzyme class of MMPs. The involvement of MMPs in cancer and atherosclerosis is exemplified and small molecule MMPIs are classified. Subsequently, the development of radiolabelled small molecule MMPIs, their synthesis and in vitro and in vivo evaluation is reviewed. Finally, an outlook on the clinical potential of labelled MMPIs in diagnostic algorithms is given.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Wagner S., Breyholz H.-J., Faust A., Holtke C., Levkau B., Schober O., Schafers M. and Kopka K., Molecular Imaging of Matrix Metalloproteinases In Vivo Using Small Molecule Inhibitors for SPECT and PET, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2006; 13 (23) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986706778522002
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986706778522002 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Medicinal Chemistry: From Cancer to Chronic Diseases.
The broad spectrum of the issue will provide a comprehensive overview of emerging trends, novel therapeutic interventions, and translational insights that impact modern medicine. The primary focus will be diseases of global concern, including cancer, chronic pain, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune conditions, providing a broad overview of the advancements in ...read more
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Infectious Inflammatory Diseases: Focus on Clinical Implications
The Special Issue covers the results of the studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of non-infectious inflammatory diseases, in particular, autoimmune rheumatic diseases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other age-related disorders such as type II diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Review and research articles as well as methodology papers that summarize ...read more
Chalcogen-modified nucleic acid analogues
Chalcogen-modified nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides have been of great interest to scientific research for many years. The replacement of oxygen in the nucleobase, sugar or phosphate backbone by chalcogen atoms (sulfur, selenium, tellurium) gives these biomolecules unique properties resulting from their altered physical and chemical properties. The continuing interest in ...read more
Current advances in inherited cardiomyopathy
Describe in detail all novel advances in multimodality imaging related to inherited cardiomyopathy diagnosis and prognosis. Shed light to deeper phenotypic characterization. Acknowledge recent advances in genetics, genomics and precision medicineread more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Antibody Targeting of TGF-β in Cancer Patients
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Perspectives in Medicinal Chemistry: Metalloprotein Inhibitors: What Have We Made and What is the Next Step?
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Glia-Driven Neuroinflammation and Systemic Inflammation in Alzheimer’s Disease
Current Neuropharmacology Meet Our Co-Editor
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Medicinal Properties of Neem Leaves: A Review
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Anti-Cancer Agents Inhibitory Effects of 1,4-disubstituted Thiosemicarbazide Derivatives on Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis Mono-species Biofilms
Letters in Drug Design & Discovery Toll Like Receptors in Copd and Periodontal Disease-A Mini Review
Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Discontinued) Aging and Oral Health: Effects in Hard and Soft Tissues
Current Pharmaceutical Design Synthetic and Natural Coumarins as Cytotoxic Agents
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Anti-Cancer Agents Editorial (Thematic Issue: Micro and Nanoscale Materials for Boosting the Antimicrobial Fight)
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Assortment of Human Amniotic Membrane and Curcumin: a Potential Therapeutic Strategy for Burn Wound Healing
Current Drug Therapy Interleukins Involved in Inflammatory Bowel Disease as New Therapeutic Targets
Current Immunology Reviews (Discontinued) Editorial (Thematic Issue: Current Updates on Association Between Alzheimer’s Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus - Volume II)
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Riboswitches as Potential Targets for the Development of Anti-Biofilm Drugs
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Low Level Laser Therapy [LLLT] in Inflammatory and Rheumatic Diseases:A Review of Therapeutic Mechanisms
Current Rheumatology Reviews Defensive and Offensive Cross-Reactive Antibodies Elicited by Pathogens: The Good, the Bad and the Ugly
Current Medicinal Chemistry Clinical Outcomes of Post-exposure Prophylaxis following Occupational Exposure to Human Immunodeficiency Virus at Dental Departments of Hiroshima University Hospital
Current HIV Research The Methylerythritol Phosphate Pathway and its Significance as a Novel Drug Target
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Propitious Profile of Peppery Piperine
Current Molecular Pharmacology Current and Future Challenges in Primary Sjogren’s Syndrome
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology