Abstract
The concept of nonsynaptic communication between neurons, once a heretic idea, has become a self-evident fact during the almost forty years since its original discovery [1]. In this review we investigate whether the archetypical synaptic transmitters of the central nervous system, Glu and GABA, can operate via nonsynaptic transmission. While experimental data supporting the general concept of nonsynaptic transmission has been progressively accumulating during these years, most of the evidence regarding nonsynaptic transmission by Glu and GABA are results of the last decade. In this paper we collect evidence for different forms of nonsynaptic transmission by the Gluergic and GABAergic system. We investigate two theoretical predictions of the concept of nonsynaptic transmission in the light of recent progress in the field: i) since extrasynaptic receptors experience a lower concentration of agonist, they are likely to have higher affinity for the agonist ii) extrasynaptic receptors are expected to be more important pharmacological targets.
Keywords: Glu spillover, phasic and tonic GABA spillover, ambient Glu and GABA, concept of nonsynaptic transmission
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Nonsynaptic Receptors for GABA and Glutamate
Volume: 6 Issue: 10
Author(s): E. S. Vizi and Arpad Mike
Affiliation:
Keywords: Glu spillover, phasic and tonic GABA spillover, ambient Glu and GABA, concept of nonsynaptic transmission
Abstract: The concept of nonsynaptic communication between neurons, once a heretic idea, has become a self-evident fact during the almost forty years since its original discovery [1]. In this review we investigate whether the archetypical synaptic transmitters of the central nervous system, Glu and GABA, can operate via nonsynaptic transmission. While experimental data supporting the general concept of nonsynaptic transmission has been progressively accumulating during these years, most of the evidence regarding nonsynaptic transmission by Glu and GABA are results of the last decade. In this paper we collect evidence for different forms of nonsynaptic transmission by the Gluergic and GABAergic system. We investigate two theoretical predictions of the concept of nonsynaptic transmission in the light of recent progress in the field: i) since extrasynaptic receptors experience a lower concentration of agonist, they are likely to have higher affinity for the agonist ii) extrasynaptic receptors are expected to be more important pharmacological targets.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Vizi S. E. and Mike Arpad, Nonsynaptic Receptors for GABA and Glutamate, Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 2006; 6 (10) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156802606777323782
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156802606777323782 |
Print ISSN 1568-0266 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4294 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Chemistry Based on Natural Products for Therapeutic Purposes
The development of new pharmaceuticals for a wide range of medical conditions has long relied on the identification of promising natural products (NPs). There are over sixty percent of cancer, infectious illness, and CNS disease medications that include an NP pharmacophore, according to the Food and Drug Administration. Since NP ...read more
Current Trends in Drug Discovery Based on Artificial Intelligence and Computer-Aided Drug Design
Drug development discovery has faced several challenges over the years. In fact, the evolution of classical approaches to modern methods using computational methods, or Computer-Aided Drug Design (CADD), has shown promising and essential results in any drug discovery campaign. Among these methods, molecular docking is one of the most notable ...read more
Drug Discovery in the Age of Artificial Intelligence
In the age of artificial intelligence (AI), we have witnessed a significant boom in AI techniques for drug discovery. AI techniques are increasingly integrated and accelerating the drug discovery process. These developments have not only attracted the attention of academia and industry but also raised important questions regarding the selection ...read more
From Biodiversity to Chemical Diversity: Focus of Flavonoids
Flavonoids are the largest group of polyphenols, plant secondary metabolites arising from the essential aromatic amino acid phenylalanine (or more rarely from tyrosine) via the phenylpropanoid pathway. The flavan nucleus is the basic 15-carbon skeleton of flavonoids (C6-C3-C6), which consists of two phenyl rings (A and B) and a heterocyclic ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Pathobiology and Therapeutic Implications of Tumor Acidosis
Current Medicinal Chemistry Indole Compounds Against Breast Cancer: Recent Developments
Current Drug Targets A Systems Biology Road Map for the Discovery of Drugs Targeting Cancer Cell Metabolism
Current Pharmaceutical Design Epigallocatechin-3-gallate Increases RXRγ-mediated Pro-apoptotic and Anti-invasive Effects in Gastrointestinal Cancer Cell Lines
Current Cancer Drug Targets Innovative Cancer Treatments that Augment Radiotherapy or Chemotherapy by the Use of Immunotherapy or Gene Therapy
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery Protein Kinase C Pharmacology: Perspectives on Therapeutic Potentials as Antidementic and Cognitive Agents
Recent Patents on CNS Drug Discovery (Discontinued) Targeting Hypoxia for Sensitization of Tumors to Radio- and Chemotherapy
Current Cancer Drug Targets Development of Heparanase Inhibitors for Anti-Cancer Therapy
Current Medicinal Chemistry Chloride Channel Expression and Functional Diversity in the Immune Cells of Allergic Diseases
Current Molecular Medicine Delineation of Current Development of Antimitotic Compounds Targeting Cytoskeletal Protein Tubulin and Microtubule in the Cancer Therapy
Current Chemical Biology Quercetin in Cancer Treatment, Alone or in Combination with Conventional Therapeutics?
Current Medicinal Chemistry Is the Clinical Use of Cannabis by Oncology Patients Advisable?
Current Medicinal Chemistry Neural Differentiation and Therapeutic Potential of Adipose Tissue Derived Stem Cells
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy Regulation of Mitochondrial Function and its Impact in Metabolic Stress
Current Medicinal Chemistry Progress in Developing D3 Dopamine Receptor Ligands as Potential Therapeutic Agents for Neurological and Neuropsychiatric Disorders
Current Pharmaceutical Design Oncomirs: From Tumor Biology to Molecularly Targeted Anticancer Strategies
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Cancer Stem Cells and Colorectal Cancer: An Overview
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Clinical Applications and Biosafety of Human Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Current Pharmaceutical Design Different Concepts of Drug Delivery in Disease Entities
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry MicroRNA-208a Potentiates Angiotensin II-triggered Cardiac Myoblasts Apoptosis via Inhibiting Nemo-like Kinase (NLK)
Current Pharmaceutical Design