Abstract
Capillary electrophoresis, as an analytical tool for drugs, offers several advantages for pharmaceuticals and clinical applications; however, it suffers from poor detection limits. Concentration on the capillary (stacking) improves greatly this problem and is very easy to perform. One of the simple and practical methods to perform stacking is dissolving the sample in organic solvents and injecting a large volume of sample on the capillary. This leads to concentration of the sample 10-30 folds directly on the capillary, removes the excess of proteins found in biological fluids and overcomes the deleterious effects of salts. The stacking can be performed in both the hydrodynamic and electroinjection. This stacking brings the detection limits of the CE closer to that of the HPLC. The mechanism, practical applications, different factors, and optimum conditions for this type of stacking are reviewed and discussed.
Keywords: Stacking, Organic solvents, Concentration, Drug analysis, Capillary electrophoresis, Transient pseudoisotachophoresis
Current Pharmaceutical Analysis
Title: Review: Sample Concentration Based on Inclusion of Organic Solvents in Capillary Zone Electrophoresis
Volume: 2 Issue: 1
Author(s): Zak Shihabi
Affiliation:
Keywords: Stacking, Organic solvents, Concentration, Drug analysis, Capillary electrophoresis, Transient pseudoisotachophoresis
Abstract: Capillary electrophoresis, as an analytical tool for drugs, offers several advantages for pharmaceuticals and clinical applications; however, it suffers from poor detection limits. Concentration on the capillary (stacking) improves greatly this problem and is very easy to perform. One of the simple and practical methods to perform stacking is dissolving the sample in organic solvents and injecting a large volume of sample on the capillary. This leads to concentration of the sample 10-30 folds directly on the capillary, removes the excess of proteins found in biological fluids and overcomes the deleterious effects of salts. The stacking can be performed in both the hydrodynamic and electroinjection. This stacking brings the detection limits of the CE closer to that of the HPLC. The mechanism, practical applications, different factors, and optimum conditions for this type of stacking are reviewed and discussed.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Shihabi Zak, Review: Sample Concentration Based on Inclusion of Organic Solvents in Capillary Zone Electrophoresis, Current Pharmaceutical Analysis 2006; 2 (1) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157341206775474025
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157341206775474025 |
Print ISSN 1573-4129 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-676X |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Neuroprotection for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Role of Stem Cells, Growth Factors, and Gene Therapy
Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Nox Inhibitors & Therapies: Rational Design of Peptidic and Small Molecule Inhibitors
Current Pharmaceutical Design Hepatocyte FRS2α is Essential for the Endocrine Fibroblast Growth Factor to Limit the Amplitude of Bile Acid Production Induced by Prandial Activity
Current Molecular Medicine An update on the Management and Treatment of Deep Vein Thrombosis
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Serous BMP8A has Clinical Significance in the Ultrasonic Diagnosis of Thyroid Cancer and Promotes Thyroid Cancer Cell Progression
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Thyroid Disorders and Prognosis in Chronic Heart Failure: A Long-Term Follow-Up Study
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Effect of Drugs in Cells and Tissues by NMR Spectroscopy
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Insulin Management for Type 1 Diabetic Patients During Social Alcohol Consumption: The SPRITZ Study
Current Diabetes Reviews Is Technical-Grade Chlordane an Obesogen?
Current Medicinal Chemistry Determinants of the Resolution of Type 2 Diabetes After Bariatric Surgery
Vascular Disease Prevention (Discontinued) A Review of Cardiogenic Shock in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Current Cardiology Reviews Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Synthetic Analogs: New Therapeutic Agents for Use in the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus
Current Medicinal Chemistry The Role of Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase in Cerebral Ischemia
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Decreasing Arterial Aging by Controlling Blood Pressure Levels and Hypertension: A Step Forward
Current Vascular Pharmacology Emerging Insight into MAPK Inhibitors and Immunotherapy in Colorectal Cancer
Current Medicinal Chemistry Neonatal Diabetes: Applying Molecular Biology to Patient Care
Current Pediatric Reviews Can Nutrition Play a Role as a Stimulant for COVID 19 in Children?
Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials Metformin: A Rising Star to Fight the Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition in Oncology
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Applications of Cellulose-based Materials in Sustained Drug Delivery Systems
Current Medicinal Chemistry Adrenergic Regulation of Macrophage-Mediated Innate/Inflammatory Responses in Obesity and Exercise in this Condition: Role of β2 Adrenergic Receptors
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets