Login Register Cart 0
Generic placeholder image

Current Biotechnology

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 2211-5501
ISSN (Online): 2211-551X

Back
Journal Home About Journal Editorial Board Journal Insight Current Issue Volumes/Issues
Subscribe
Research Article

Phytochemicals and Nutrient Profiles, Anti-oxidant Activity Study of Three Edible Parts (Flower, Fruit and Stem) of Musa paradisiaca

Author(s): Bikash Debnath and Kuntal Manna*

Volume 8, Issue 1, 2019

Page: [32 - 41] Pages: 10

DOI: 10.2174/2211550108666190315161848

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: Musa paradisiaca (Banana plant), which belongs to the family of Musaceae, is a well-known herbaceous flowering edible plant. The flower, fruit, and stem part of the plant have been used for nutrients and health benefits.

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the secondary metabolites, proximate composition, minerals, heavy metals, and anti-oxidant activity of three edible parts (flower, unripe fruit, and stem) of Musa paradisiaca.

Methods: The content of alkaloid and tannin was determined by simple titrimetric method and colorimetric method was used for the determination of the content of phenol and flavonoid. Association of Official Analytical Chemicals (AOAC) method was used for the determination of proximate composition and the content of trace elements was analyzed by using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The anti-oxidant activity was determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) radical scavenging assay.

Results: The results indicated that three edible parts (flower, unripe fruit, and stem) of the banana plant contained a good amount of secondary metabolites (such as alkaloid, phenol, flavonoid, and tannin) and also primary metabolites (such as carbohydrate, protein, and fat). Banana fruit contained a high amount of energy (261.31 kcal/100g) compared to the other two parts (flower, and stem). Iron, potassium, phosphorus, calcium were present in these three edible parts of the banana plant. Lead was found in negligible amount and arsenic was not detected. Fifty percent of ethanolic extract of three edible parts of the banana plant showed significant DPPH free radical scavenging and H202 radical scavenging activity as compared to standard ascorbic acid.

Conclusion: Based on these findings, three edible parts of Musa paradisiaca may be recommended as a good source of nutrients.

Keywords: Musa paradisiaca, secondary metabolite, proximate composition, mineral, antioxidant activity, dietary supplement.

« Previous Next »
Graphical Abstract

[1]
Padam BS, Tin HS, Chye FY, Abdullah MI. Banana by-products: an under-utilized renewable food biomass with great potential. J Food Sci Technol 2014; 51(12): 3527-45.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13197-012-0861-2] [PMID: 25477622]
[2]
Nandy DR. Geodynamics of Northeastern India and the Ad-joining Region. ACB publications, Block- A. Lake Town, Kolkata 2001; 700089757: 757.
[3]
Kumar KS, Bhowmik D, Duraivel S, Umadevi M. Traditional and medicinal uses of banana. J Pharmacogn Phytochem 2012; 1(3): 51-63.
[4]
Pushpangadan P, Kaur J, Sharma J. Plantain or edible banana (musa x paradisica var - sapiemtum) some lesser known folk uses in India. Anc Sci Life 1989; 9(1): 20-4.
[PMID: 22557669]
[5]
Sarkar P. DHLK, Dhumal C, Panigrahi SS, Choudhary R. Traditional and ayurvedic foods of Indian origin. J Ethnic Foods 2015; 2(3): 97-109.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jef.2015.08.003]
[6]
Hore DK. Diversity in agri-horticultural plants: an experience with north-east India Biodiversity and its Significance. New Delhi: IK In-ternational Publishing House Pvt. Ltd. 2007; pp. 167-91.
[7]
Rao KS, Swaminathan MC, Swarup S, Patwardhan VN. Protein malnutrition in South India. Bull World Health Organ 1959; 20(4): 603-39.
[PMID: 14436226]
[8]
Bae SH. Diets for constipation. Pediatr Gastroenterol Hepatol Nutr 2014; 17(4): 203-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5223/pghn.2014.17.4.203] [PMID: 25587519]
[9]
Sabater-Molina M, Larqué E, Torrella F, Zamora S. Dietary fructooligosaccharides and potential benefits on health. J Physiol Biochem 2009; 65(3): 315-28.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF03180584] [PMID: 20119826]
[10]
Bhandary SK, Kumari SN, Bhat VS, Sharmila KP, Bekal MP. Preliminary phytochemical screening of various extracts of Punica granatum peel, whole fruit and seeds. J Health Sci (Sarajevo) 2012; 2(4): 35-8.
[11]
Ugochukwu SC, Uche A, Ifeanyi O. Preliminary phytochemi-cal screening of different solvent extracts of stem bark and roots of Dennetia tripetala G. Baker. Asian J Plant Sci Res 2013; 3(3): 10-3.
[12]
Shah RK, Yadav RN. Qualitative phytochemical analysis and estimation of total phenols and flavonoids in leaf extract of sarcochlamys pulcherrima Wedd. Global. J Biosci Biotechnol 2015; 4: 81-4.
[13]
Auwal MS, Saka S, Mairiga IA, Sanda KA, Shuaibu A, Ibrahim A. Preliminary phytochemical and elemental analysis of aqueous and fractionated pod extracts of Acacia nilotica (Thorn mimosa). Vet Res Forum 2014; 5(2): 95-100.
[PMID: 25568701]
[14]
Debnath B, Uddin MJ, Patari P, Das M, Maiti D, Manna K. Estimation of alkaloids and phenolics of five edible cucurbi-taceous plants and their antibacterial activity. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2015; 7(12): 223-7.
[15]
Siddiqui N, Rauf A, Latif A, Mahmood Z. Spectrophotometric determination of the total phenolic content, spectral and fluo-rescence study of the herbal Unani drug Gul-e-Zoofa (Nepeta bracteata Benth). J Taibah Univ Sci 2017; 12(4): 360-3.
[16]
da Silva LA, Pezzini BR, Soares L. Spectrophotometric determination of the total flavonoid content in Ocimum basilicum L. (Lamiaceae) leaves. Pharmacogn Mag 2015; 11(41): 96-101.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0973-1296.149721] [PMID: 25709217]
[17]
Atanassova M, Christova-Bagdassarian V. Determination of tannins content by titrimetric method for comparison of different plant species. J Univ Chem Technol Metallurgy 2009; 44(4): 413-5.
[18]
Latifa GA, Chakraborty SC, Begüm M, Nahid MN, Farid FB. Nutritional quality analysis of Bangladeshi fish species, M. tengra (Hamilton-Buchanan, 1822) preserved with different salt curing methods in laboratory condition. Am J Food Nutr 2014; 2(6): 100-7.
[19]
Ludwig TG, Goldberg JV. The anthrone method for the determination of carbohydrates in foods and in oral rinsing. J Dent Res 1956; 35(1): 90-4.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00220345560350012301] [PMID: 13286391]
[20]
Redmile-Gordon MA, Armenise E, White RP, Hirsch PR, Goulding KW. A comparison of two colorimetric assays, based upon Lowry and Bradford techniques, to estimate total protein in soil extracts. Soil Biol Biochem 2013; 67(100): 166-73.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.08.017] [PMID: 24302786]
[21]
Ooi DJ, Iqbal S, Ismail M. Proximate composition, nutritional attributes and mineral composition of Peperomia pellucida L. (Ketumpangan Air) grown in Malaysia. Molecules 2012; 17(9): 11139-45.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules170911139] [PMID: 22986924]
[22]
Özden O, Erkan N, Ulusoy S. Determination of mineral composition in three commercial fish species (Solea solea, Mullus surmuletus, and Merlangius merlangus). Environ Monit Assess 2010; 170(1-4): 353-63.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-009-1238-5] [PMID: 19924552]
[23]
Sowndhararajan K, Kang SC. Free radical scavenging activity from different extracts of leaves of Bauhinia vahlii Wight & Arn. Saudi J Biol Sci 2013; 20(4): 319-25.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2012.12.005] [PMID: 24235867]
[24]
Ruch RJ, Cheng SJ, Klaunig JE. Prevention of cytotoxicity and inhibition of intercellular communication by antioxidant catechins isolated from Chinese green tea. Carcinogenesis 1989; 10(6): 1003-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/carcin/10.6.1003] [PMID: 2470525]
[25]
Ngo TV, Scarlett CJ, Bowyer MC, Ngo PD, Vuong QV. Impact of different extraction solvents on bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity from the root of Salacia chinensis L. J Food Qual 2017.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/9305047]
[26]
Kamarudin NA, Markom M, Latip J. Effects of solvents and extraction methods on herbal plants Phyllanthus niruri, Or-thosiphon stamineus and Labisia pumila. Indian J Sci Technol 2016; 9(21)
[http://dx.doi.org/10.17485/ijst/2016/v9i21/95235]
[27]
Rahman MS, Islam MB, Rouf MA, Jalil MA, Haque MZ. Ex-traction of alkaloids and oil from Karanja (Pongamia pinna-ta) Seed. J Sci Res 2011; 3(3): 669-75.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v3i3.7227]
[28]
Soni P, Siddiqui AA, Dwivedi J, Soni V. Pharmacological properties of Datura stramonium L. as a potential medicinal tree: an overview. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2012; 2(12): 1002-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2221-1691(13)60014-3] [PMID: 23593583]
[29]
Aruoma OI. Methodological considerations for characterizing potential antioxidant actions of bioactive components in plant foods. Mutat Res 2003; 523-524: 9-20.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0027-5107(02)00317-2] [PMID: 12628499]
[30]
Haytowitz DB, Pehrsson PR, Holden JM. The national food and nutrient analysis program: a decade of progress. J Food Compos Anal 2008; 21(S1): S94-S102.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2007.07.006] [PMID: 19578546]
[31]
Bano Z, Rajarathnam S, Steinkraus KH. Pleurotus mushrooms. Part II. Chemical composition, nutritional value, post-harvest physiology, preservation, and role as human food. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 1988; 27(2): 87-158.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10408398809527480] [PMID: 3053051]
[32]
Princewill OI, Uchenna AE, Charles OI, Uwaezuoke IM. Interactions between dietary minerals and reproduction in farm animal. GJASR 2015; 3: 524-35.
[33]
Dorozhkin SV, Epple M. Biological and medical significance of calcium phosphates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2002; 41(17): 3130-46.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1521-3773(20020902)41:17<3130:AID-ANIE3130>3.0.CO;2-1] [PMID: 12207375]
[34]
Abbaspour N, Hurrell R, Kelishadi R. Review on iron and its importance for human health. J Res Med Sci 2014; 19(2): 164-74.
[PMID: 24778671]
[35]
Soetan KO, Olaiya CO, Oyewole OE. The importance of min-eral elements for humans, domestic animals and plants-A review. Afr J Food Sci 2010; 4(5): 200-22.
[36]
Shakoori A, Ahmad A. Cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of arsenic and lead on human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs). J Stem Cells Regen Med 2013; 9(2): 29-36.
[PMID: 24693207]
[37]
Dröge W. Free radicals in the physiological control of cell function. Physiol Rev 2002; 82(1): 47-95.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00018.2001] [PMID: 11773609]
[38]
Kumaran A, Karunakaran RJ. In vitro antioxidant activities of methanolic extract of Phyllanthus species from India. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2007; 40(2): 322-52.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2005.09.011]

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
Article Metrics
46
8
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy