Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disease in women during the reproductive period. True PCOS phenotype is prone to develop metabolic consequences during life. Obese PCOS women with insulin resistance are carrying a risk for developing type 2 diabetes, and influencing liver function by generating liver steatosis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Moreover, serum testosterone of over 3 nmol/L is associated with at least two-fold higher risk for the development of NAFLD in PCOS women. Numerous genes involved in the pathogenesis of hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance and inflammation are associated with the development of NAFLD in PCOS women. Liver biopsy is not considered as the first line procedure for the diagnosis of liver damage in a prevalent condition as PCOS. Therefore, simple and reliable surrogate markers as serum aminotransferases levels or surrogate indexes (i.e. fatty liver index and NAFLD-fatty liver score) could be used for the assessment of fatty liver in PCOS women. First line therapeutic approach for NAFLD in PCOS includes a change in lifestyle that implies dietary regiment and physical activity but without well-defined protocols. Second line therapy considers addition of drugs on the established lifestyle change. Metformin remains the drug of choice for reduction of insulin resistance and liver enzymes level. Liraglutide, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, showed favorable effects on the reduction of liver fat content and visceral adipose tissue in overweight women with PCOS. Current review analyzes the impact of metabolic risk factors, diagnostic approach and management options on NAFLD in women with PCOS.
Keywords: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, polycystic ovary syndrome, insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, metformin, liraglutide.
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Volume: 24 Issue: 38
Author(s): Djuro Macut*, Jelica Bjekić-Macut, Sarantis Livadas, Olivera Stanojlović, Dragan Hrnčić, Aleksandra Rašić-Marković, Danijela V. Milutinović, Violeta Mladenović and Zoran Andrić
Affiliation:
- Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade,Serbia
Keywords: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, polycystic ovary syndrome, insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, metformin, liraglutide.
Abstract: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disease in women during the reproductive period. True PCOS phenotype is prone to develop metabolic consequences during life. Obese PCOS women with insulin resistance are carrying a risk for developing type 2 diabetes, and influencing liver function by generating liver steatosis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Moreover, serum testosterone of over 3 nmol/L is associated with at least two-fold higher risk for the development of NAFLD in PCOS women. Numerous genes involved in the pathogenesis of hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance and inflammation are associated with the development of NAFLD in PCOS women. Liver biopsy is not considered as the first line procedure for the diagnosis of liver damage in a prevalent condition as PCOS. Therefore, simple and reliable surrogate markers as serum aminotransferases levels or surrogate indexes (i.e. fatty liver index and NAFLD-fatty liver score) could be used for the assessment of fatty liver in PCOS women. First line therapeutic approach for NAFLD in PCOS includes a change in lifestyle that implies dietary regiment and physical activity but without well-defined protocols. Second line therapy considers addition of drugs on the established lifestyle change. Metformin remains the drug of choice for reduction of insulin resistance and liver enzymes level. Liraglutide, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, showed favorable effects on the reduction of liver fat content and visceral adipose tissue in overweight women with PCOS. Current review analyzes the impact of metabolic risk factors, diagnostic approach and management options on NAFLD in women with PCOS.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Macut Djuro *, Bjekić-Macut Jelica , Livadas Sarantis , Stanojlović Olivera , Hrnčić Dragan , Rašić-Marković Aleksandra , Milutinović V. Danijela , Mladenović Violeta and Andrić Zoran, Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2018; 24 (38) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612825666190117100751
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612825666190117100751 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Increasing Risk Factors for Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease; an Insight
into Chronic Periodontitis and Insulin Resistance
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Blood Pressure Reduction in the Primary and Secondary Prevention of Stroke
Current Vascular Pharmacology Acute Decompensated Heart Failure Update
Current Cardiology Reviews The Role of NO-cGMP Signaling Pathway in Pancreatic Beta-cell Function
Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Discontinued) Estrogenic Phenol and Catechol Metabolites of PCBs Modulate Catechol-Omethyltransferase Expression Via the Estrogen Receptor: Potential Contribution to Cancer Risk
Current Drug Metabolism The Relationship Between HIV Infection and Cardiovascular Disease
Current Cardiology Reviews Molecular Mechanisms of Diabetic Nephropathy and Its Therapeutic Intervention
Current Drug Targets Protection by Natural Honey Against Hyperhomocysteinemia in Rats
Vascular Disease Prevention (Discontinued) Editorial (Thematic Issue: Signalling Pathways in Anti-cancer Drug Resistance)
Current Medicinal Chemistry Breast-Milk Characteristics Protecting Against Allergy
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets The Role of Vitamin D in Dyslipidemia and Cardiovascular Disease
Current Pharmaceutical Design Steroid Biosynthesis Inhibitors in the Therapy of Hypercortisolism: Theory and Practice
Current Medicinal Chemistry Cholesterol Ester Transfer Protein (CETP), Postprandial Lipemia and Hypolipidemic Drugs
Current Medicinal Chemistry Effects of Probiotics on Diabetic Nephropathy: A Systematic Review
Current Clinical Pharmacology A Critical Appraisal of the Functional Evolution of P2Y12 Antagonists as Antiplatelet Drugs
Current Pharmaceutical Design QSAR and Molecular Docking Studies on a Series of 1-Amino-5H-pyrido [4, 3-b]indol-4-carboxamides Acting as Janus Kinase 2 (JAK2) Inhibitors
Letters in Drug Design & Discovery CD45 Regulated Signaling Pathways
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Radiolabeled Imaging Probes Targeting Angiogenesis for Personalized Medicine
Current Pharmaceutical Design Editorial (Thematic Issue: GPCR-Targeted Drug Development)
Current Drug Targets Action and Disposition of the β3-Agonist Nebivolol in the Presence of Inflammation; An Alternative to Conventional β1-Blockers
Current Pharmaceutical Design