S-Nitrosylation in Regulation of Inflammation and Cell Damage

Title:S-Nitrosylation in Regulation of Inflammation and Cell Damage

Volume: 19 Issue: 15

Author(s): Subhajit Dasgupta*, Jenny- Jaramillo Gomez, Inderjit Singh and Mushfiquddin Khan

Affiliation:

• Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425,United States

Keywords: Nitric oxide, nitrosylation, G- protein coupled receptor, inflammation, neurodegeneration.

Abstract: Background: Cell signaling through nitric oxide (NO) is a multifaceted mechanism, which regulates metabolic activities and fate in different tissues. The peroxynitrite (ONOO-) formed as reaction product of nitric oxide radical and superoxide interacts with cell membrane phospholipids and proteins causing damage.

Objective: The reaction kinetics to form nitrotyrosine (ONOO-tyrosine) and/or nitrosylated cysteine (ONOO-cysteine) in protein molecules during posttranslational modification and nitration of lipids are therefore critical in determining cells’ signaling mechanism for survival or apoptosis.

Results: The nitrosylation was found to modulate GPCRs and activation of guanylate cyclase as well as regulate NF-κB activation. The recent findings have shown the neuroprotective effects of S- nitrosylation, though mechanism is unclear.

Conclusion: While keeping the background in mind, we address here the biological function of NO derivatives in medicine. We target four known compounds: SNAP, SIN- 1 chloride, SNP and GSNO to understand the effect of NO in different tissues. Here we analyze the existing findings to assess therapeutic relevance of NO-signaling during inflammation, vasodilation and tolerance.

Cite this article as:

Dasgupta Subhajit *, Gomez Jenny- Jaramillo , Singh Inderjit and Khan Mushfiquddin , S-Nitrosylation in Regulation of Inflammation and Cell Damage, Current Drug Targets 2018; 19 (15) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389450119666180213094747