Abstract
Background: Non-allomerized chlorophylls a and b are part of a great diversity of environments: senescent and ripened vegetal tissues, processed foods, sediments, fecal pellets, etc. Consequently, the articles characterizing their mass spectrometry behavior belong to a variety of disciplines.
Objective: To compile in a single review all the information published related to mass spectrometry of 26 chlorophyll derivatives, including chlorophyllides, pheophorbides, pheophytins, and hydroxy-, lactone-, and pyro-chlorophyll derivatives.
Method: A detailed and extensive bibliographic search through the Web of ScienceTM followed by a comprehensive and critic discussion.
Results: This review gathers all the information concerning mass spectroscopic characteristics published for each non-allomerized chlorophyll of a and b series. This means that for each one of the 26 chlorophyll derivatives, it has been compiled the complete information published of mass (or exact mass), mass spectrometry technique and equipment (ionization method and mass analyzer), product ions, structural assignments and proposed mechanisms (if available), detailing the references.
Conclusion: The evaluation of referenced data in literature has allowed to obtain common characteristics in the mass spectrometry behavior between the different chlorophyll derivatives. In addition, specific product ions have been reported, revealing specific structural modifications in the chlorophyll molecule, facilitating the structural characterization. This review embraces the application of predictive software tools, which improve accuracy of predictions and make straightforward the structural assignments.
Keywords: Chlorophyllide, hydroxy-chlorophyll, lactone-chlorophyll, mass spectrometry, pheophorbide, pheophytin, pyrochlorophyll.
Graphical Abstract
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances of Heterocyclic Chemistry with Pesticide Activity
Global food safety and security will continue to be a global concern for the next 50 years and beyond. Plant diseases have had a significant impact on food safety and security throughout the entire food chain, from primary production to consumption. While conventional chemical pesticides have been traditionally used for ...read more
Calculation design of covalent/metal organic framework based catalysts
This research area combines theoretical computation and screening with machine learning for the design of covalent/metal organic framework-based catalysts, bridging the disciplines of organic chemistry, physical chemistry, computational chemistry, materials science, and machine learning. It covers several critical aspects: designing and synthesizing organic catalysts for improved performance, applying computational methods ...read more
Carbohydrates conversion in biofuels and bioproducts
Biomass pretreatment, hydrolysis, and saccharification of carbohydrates, and sugars bioconversion in biofuels and bioproducts within a biorefinery framework. Carbohydrates derived from woody biomass, agricultural wastes, algae, sewage sludge, or any other lignocellulosic feedstock are included in this issue. Simulation, techno-economic analysis, and life cycle analysis of a biorefinery process are ...read more
Catalytic C-H bond activation as a tool for functionalization of heterocycles
The major topic is the functionalization of heterocycles through catalyzed C-H bond activation. The strategies based on C-H activation not only provide straightforward formation of C-C or C-X bonds but, more importantly, allow for the avoidance of pre-functionalization of one or two of the cross-coupling partners. The beneficial impact of ...read more
Related Books
Advances in Organic Synthesis
The Synthetic Methods, Structures, and Properties of the Ca-C σ Bond Organocalcium Containing Compounds
Advances in Organic Synthesis
Chemistry of Bipyrazoles: Synthesis and Applications
Advances in Organic Synthesis
Advanced Nanocatalysis for Organic Synthesis and Electroanalysis
Advances in Organic Synthesis
Advances in Organic Synthesis
37
1