Abstract
Aim: The analysis of the gaseous and condensed thermodynamic function of all atoms of Mendeleev’s Periodic table was carried out and seventy nine equations of such type as Δg,f,sΨo = i ± f N, in which Δg,f,sΨo is thermodynamic function, N is the number of atom electrons and i and f are stoichiometric coefficients, have been formulated.
Method: The obtained equations can be used for the next calculation of bond strength in heteroatomic compounds.
Observations: The strength of C-H and C-C bonds (enthalpy) in alkanes, of C-C, C-H, C-O, C=O and O-H bonds in carbohydrates for condensed phases were calculated first time by using Widows-Excel-function «Search of the decision by a gradient descent method».
Conclusion: The reduced magnitudes of the force of all bonds in condensed phase, compared to gas state, designated as the strength of the bond (Sb) of carbohydrates are necessary to explain the presence of significant hydrogen bonds, dipole-dipole- and dispersive interactions in biochemical molecules.
Keywords: Atom, hydrocarbons, carbohydrates, free energy, enthalpy, entropy, combustion, formation, bond strength.
Graphical Abstract
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