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Current Cardiology Reviews

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1573-403X
ISSN (Online): 1875-6557

Review Article

High-density Lipoprotein and Low-density Lipoprotein Therapeutic Approaches in Acute Coronary Syndromes

Author(s): Emmanuel Androulakis, Effimia Zacharia, Nikolaos Papageorgiou*, Eirini Lioudaki, Dimitris Bertsias, Marietta Charakida, Gerasimos Siasos and Dimitris Tousoulis

Volume 13, Issue 3, 2017

Page: [168 - 182] Pages: 15

DOI: 10.2174/1573403X13666170209145622

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), and especially its oxidized form, renders the atherosclerotic plaque vulnerable to rupture in acute coronary syndromes (ACS). On the other hand, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) is considered an anti-atherogenic molecule. The more recent HDL-targeted drugs may prove to be superior to those used before. Indeed, delipidated HDL and HDL mimetics are efficient in increasing HDL levels, while the apoA-I upregulation with RVX-208 appears to offer a clinical benefit which is beyond the HDL related effects. HDL treatment however has not shown a significant improvement in the outcomes of patients with ACS so far, studies have therefore focused again on LDL. In addition to statins and ezetimibe, novel drugs such as PSCK9 inhibitors and apolipoprotein B inhibitors appear to be both effective and safe for patients with hyperlipidemia.

Conclusion: Data suggest these could potentially improve the cardiovascular outcomes of patient with ACS. Yet, there is still research to be done, in order to confirm whether ACS patients would benefit from LDL- or HDL-targeted therapies or a combination of both.

Keywords: High-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, acute coronary syndromes, outcomes, atherosclerosis, lipidlowering drugs, statins, ezetimibe.

Graphical Abstract

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