Abstract
Background: A thermal runaway phenomenon occurs in batteries of all the electrochemical systems. In the case of the thermal runaway occurrence, a battery heats up sharply and afterwards a battery body inflammation is possible followed by an explosion. In this case inevitably, a system contained the battery goes unserviceable.
Objective: The goal of this work is to review the most important results received on thermal runaway by the present moment. Results: It has been established experimentally that a probability of a thermal runaway in the nickel-cadmium accumulators KSX-25 grows with an increase of a constant-voltage charge as well as of an environmental temperature and an accumulator time in service. It was shown on the basis of charge cur-rent, terminal voltage, and change in battery temperature that during thermal runaway, the observed changes cannot be explained by the self-acceleration of known reactions (due to overheating), battery charging and electrolyte decomposition. The observed changes can only be explained if we assume, that the thermal runaway is associated with a powerful electrochemical reaction going within the battery with a terminal voltage approximately 0.55 V. It is shown that the recombination reaction of atomic hydrogen accumulated in the electrodes is exothermic thermal runaway reaction in alkaline batteries. Conclusion: New mechanism of thermal runaway in Ni-Cd batteries, which explains all the experimental data known currently is proposed. Based on the proposed mechanism received patents for a method of diagnosing a predisposition of batteries to thermal runaway.Keywords: Battery, dendrites, exothermic reaction, hydrogen accumulation, nickel-cadmium, thermal runaway.
Graphical Abstract
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
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Hydrogen storage and production materials: Developing high-performance hydrogen generation and storage materials, as well as researching the mechanism of hydrogen-material interaction. The emphasis for supercapacitors is on carbon-based materials derived from various biomass carbonization methods, as well as carbon-containing electrode materials such as metal sulfide, oxides, and other similar compounds. ...read more
Advancements in Machine Learning for Medical Applications in Material Science
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Computational Methods in Engineering
In recent decades, computational methods have revolutionized the field of engineering, playing a pivotal role in enhancing efficiency, accuracy, and innovation across various disciplines. This proposed thematic issue aims to explore and showcase the latest advancements, challenges, and applications of computational methods in engineering. As technology continues to evolve, computational ...read more
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