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Recent Patents on Nanotechnology

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1872-2105
ISSN (Online): 2212-4020

Review Article

Recent Development of Chitosan Nanocomposites for Environmental Applications

Author(s): Shahid Ali Khan, Sher Bahadar Khan, Tahseen Kamal, Abdullah M. Asiri and Kalsoom Akhtar

Volume 10, Issue 3, 2016

Page: [181 - 188] Pages: 8

DOI: 10.2174/1872210510666160429145339

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: Potable, clean and safe water is the basic need for all human beings. Major portion of the earth is occupied by water, however, this is contaminated by rapid industrialization, improper sewage and natural calamities and man-made activates, which produce several water-borne and fetal diseases. In this review we presented some recent patent for environmental remediation.

Methods: Various technologies have been developed for the treatment of waste water consist of chemical, membrane, filtration, sedimentation, chlorination, disinfection, electrodialysis, electrolysis, reverse osmosis and adsorption. Among these entire phenomenon’s, adsorption was the most efficient method for wastewater treatment, because it is a quick and cheap technology which signifies extensive practical applications. Adsorption phenomenon has been tactfully used for the removal of biological waste as well as soluble and insoluble material with a removal efficacy of 90-99%.

Results: Clean water supply is limited to human beings. The people in the developing countries have less or no access to the clean and potable water. The shortage of potable water resources and long term safe water deficiencies are some of the leading problems worldwide. In this review, we have explained in the detail adsorption phenomena of chitosan, pharmaceutical importance and other applications. It is worth to say that adsorption technologies using chitosan and its derivative is one of the quickest and cost effective methods for the wastewater treatment. The review comprises of ninety eight references. This review also covers various patents vis-a-vis the role of chitosan-nanocomposite in environmental application for wastewater treatment.

Conclusion: Chitosan is a pseudo-neutral cationic polymer which is formed by the de-acetylation of chitin polymer. Various patent on chitosan and chitosan-nanocomposite were taken into account related to wastewater purification. We have found that chitosan and chitosan-nanocomposite are used for the removal of viruses, bacteria, cryptosporidium oocysts and giardia cysts, soluble and insoluble organic pollutants, poly aromatic hydrocarbons and heavy metals from wastewater. In this study, we also found that chitosan and chitosan-nanocomposite are selected for the removal of transition metals.

Keywords: Chitin, chitosan, patent on chitosan, pharmaceutical uses, water purification, water-born diseases.

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