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Recent Patents on Biotechnology

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ISSN (Print): 1872-2083
ISSN (Online): 2212-4012

Hexavalent Chromium Reduction by Microbacterium oleivorans A1: A Possible Mechanism of Chromate -Detoxification and -Bioremediation

Author(s): Angana Sarkar, Pinaki Sar and Ekramul Islam

Volume 9, Issue 2, 2015

Page: [116 - 129] Pages: 14

DOI: 10.2174/187220830902160308192126

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: Hexavalent chromium (Cr6+) contamination is one of the mejor problems of environmental protection for its carcinogenic effect on human health. Remediation of Cr6+ contaminated environment thus becomes highest priority.

Methods: A Gram positive tiny rod shaped chromate (Cr6+) reducing bacterium strain A1 was isolated from uranium ore collected from Jaduguda, East Singhbhum, Jharkhand. The strain was identified and characterized in terms of its potential to reduce more toxic Cr6+ to its less toxic form for its application in bioremediation of Cr6+ contaminated environments.

Results: 16S rRNA gene based phylogentic analysis identified the strain as Microbacterium oleivorans. Along with Cr6+, the strain showed resistance to other heavy metals including Ag, Cu, Co, Hg, Ni and Zn also. Complete reduction of Cr6+ (750 µM) was achieved within 84 h with optimum reduction at pH 9 and 30°C. Effect of different parameters including cell mass concentration, pH, induction with Cr6+, SO4 = ion, heavy metals, etc. on Cr6+ reduction were studied thoroughly at resting cell condition to study its potential towards Cr6+ bioremediation. Chromate reductase gene (chrA) was detected within this strain.

Conclusion: Along with presence of appropriate genetic determinant, efficient Cr6+ reduction ability of the strain indicated its potential for developing redox based Cr6+ remediation system for varied concentrations of Cr6+ under a wide range of environmental conditions. Patent data have suggested the efficient application of Cr6+ reducing bacteria in cleaning up of Cr6+ contaminated environments..

Keywords: Bioremediation, bacteria, chromium, Cr6+ biotransformation, Microbacterium oleivorans, heavy metals.

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