Title:From in vitro Experiments to in vivo and Clinical Studies; Pros and Cons
VOLUME: 12 ISSUE: 4
Author(s):Soodabeh Saeidnia, Azadeh Manayi and Mohammad Abdollahi
Affiliation:Faculty of Pharmacy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran.
Keywords:Biokinetics, biological activity, clinical, in silico, in vitro, in vivo, novel biomedical methods,
review.
Abstract:Biomedical investigators use different methods including experimental
animals, tissue, and cell cultures as well as computational simulations and clinical
studies finding the ways to treat human diseases and disorders. All the mentioned
procedures have their own advantages and disadvantages. For instance although animal
models provide some drawbacks like difference in biokinetics parameters or extrapolation of results to
human, they are more reliable than in vitro tests. The disadvantage of the in vitro procedures is that they
are mostly performed on cancerous cell lines that have a substantially abnormal function. Furthermore,
although in vitro models are fruitfully used in biological fields, finding an end point, the initial aim of
chemical attack, and extrapolation of the effects to the human are some real weaknesses. Absence of
biokinetics in in vitro methods may lead to a misinterpretation of the data. The present review has
criticized the pros and cons of both methods, especially in the fields of pharmacology, toxicology, and
medical sciences.
