Abstract
Ionizing radiation (IR) plays an important role in the treatment of epithelial tumors, such as lung and prostate cancer, by wounding and killing cancer cells. However, IR also activates sophisticated anti-apoptotic transcriptional factors such that cancer cells fail to repair DNA damage and obtain resistance to apoptosis under conditions of radiotherapy. Among these transcription factors, the transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) is recognized as a key feature for protecting cells from apoptosis in most cell types. Moreover, the induction of radioresistance is mediated by several genes that are regulated by NF- κB. The primary purpose of this review is to introduce the studies of the signaling mechanisms of IR in NF-κB activation, such as ROS/NF-κB, ATM or DNA-PK/MAPKK/ p90rsk, PI3K/AKT/IKK and k-ras/c-raf/ MEKK/ NF-κB pathways. Moreover, we describe how the expression of the target genes (e.g., XIAP, A20, FLIP, Bcl-xL) are induced by NF-κB to regulate the activation of survival signaling pathways and to inhibit apoptotic signaling pathways. In addition, IR activates NF-κB to express cell cycle-specific genes, for example cyclin D1, which is associated with reinforcing radioresistance. We exhibit the signaling pathways that are induced by IR stimulation of NF-κB and illustrate the molecular mechanisms of radioresistance.
Keywords: Cancer, ionizing radiation, NF-κB, radioresistance, radiotherapy, signal transduction.
Current Protein & Peptide Science
Title:The Accomplices of NF-κB Lead to Radioresistance
Volume: 16 Issue: 4
Author(s): Miaomiao Bai, Xiaoxing Ma, Xiaolei Li, Xiaohui Wang, Qian Mei, Xiang Li, Zhiqiang Wu and Weidong Han
Affiliation:
Keywords: Cancer, ionizing radiation, NF-κB, radioresistance, radiotherapy, signal transduction.
Abstract: Ionizing radiation (IR) plays an important role in the treatment of epithelial tumors, such as lung and prostate cancer, by wounding and killing cancer cells. However, IR also activates sophisticated anti-apoptotic transcriptional factors such that cancer cells fail to repair DNA damage and obtain resistance to apoptosis under conditions of radiotherapy. Among these transcription factors, the transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) is recognized as a key feature for protecting cells from apoptosis in most cell types. Moreover, the induction of radioresistance is mediated by several genes that are regulated by NF- κB. The primary purpose of this review is to introduce the studies of the signaling mechanisms of IR in NF-κB activation, such as ROS/NF-κB, ATM or DNA-PK/MAPKK/ p90rsk, PI3K/AKT/IKK and k-ras/c-raf/ MEKK/ NF-κB pathways. Moreover, we describe how the expression of the target genes (e.g., XIAP, A20, FLIP, Bcl-xL) are induced by NF-κB to regulate the activation of survival signaling pathways and to inhibit apoptotic signaling pathways. In addition, IR activates NF-κB to express cell cycle-specific genes, for example cyclin D1, which is associated with reinforcing radioresistance. We exhibit the signaling pathways that are induced by IR stimulation of NF-κB and illustrate the molecular mechanisms of radioresistance.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Bai Miaomiao, Ma Xiaoxing, Li Xiaolei, Wang Xiaohui, Mei Qian, Li Xiang, Wu Zhiqiang and Han Weidong, The Accomplices of NF-κB Lead to Radioresistance, Current Protein & Peptide Science 2015; 16 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138920371604150429152328
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138920371604150429152328 |
Print ISSN 1389-2037 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5550 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advancements in Proteomic and Peptidomic Approaches in Cancer Immunotherapy: Unveiling the Immune Microenvironment
The scope of this thematic issue centers on the integration of proteomic and peptidomic technologies into the field of cancer immunotherapy, with a particular emphasis on exploring the tumor immune microenvironment. This issue aims to gather contributions that illustrate the application of these advanced methodologies in unveiling the complex interplay ...read more
Artificial Intelligence for Protein Research
Protein research, essential for understanding biological processes and creating therapeutics, faces challenges due to the intricate nature of protein structures and functions. Traditional methods are limited in exploring the vast protein sequence space efficiently. Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) offer promising solutions by improving predictions and speeding up ...read more
Nutrition and Metabolism in Musculoskeletal Diseases
The musculoskeletal system consists mainly of cartilage, bone, muscles, tendons, connective tissue and ligaments. Balanced metabolism is of vital importance for the homeostasis of the musculoskeletal system. A series of musculoskeletal diseases (for example, sarcopenia, osteoporosis) are resulted from the dysregulated metabolism of the musculoskeletal system. Furthermore, metabolic diseases (such ...read more
Protein Folding, Aggregation and Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation
Protein folding, misfolding and aggregation remain one of the main problems of interdisciplinary science not only because many questions are still open, but also because they are important from the point of view of practical application. Protein aggregation and formation of fibrillar structures, for example, is a hallmark of a ...read more
Related Journals
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Protocatechuic Acid and Human Disease Prevention: Biological Activities and Molecular Mechanisms
Current Medicinal Chemistry The Role of Androgen Receptor Mutations in Prostate Cancer Progression
Current Genomics Preparation and Quality Control of <sup>111</sup>In-Plerixafor for Chemokine Receptor CXCR4
Recent Patents and Topics on Imaging (Discontinued) Molecular Aspects of FKBP51 that Enable Melanoma Dissemination
Current Molecular Pharmacology Personalized & Precision Medicine in Cancer: A Theranostic Approach
Current Radiopharmaceuticals Current Developments in the Analysis of Proteomic Data: Artificial Neural Network Data Mining Techniques for the Identification of Proteomic Biomarkers Related to Breast Cancer
Current Proteomics Recent Developments in Oxidative Processes in Steroid Chemistry
Current Organic Chemistry QSAR Studies for the Pharmacological Inhibition of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3
Medicinal Chemistry Current Research on Opioid Receptor Function
Current Drug Targets Biological and Chemical Aspects of Natural Biflavonoids from Plants: A Brief Review
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Imaging of Integrins as Biomarkers for Tumor Angiogenesis
Current Pharmaceutical Design Molecular Imaging of Therapeutic Potential of Reporter Probes
Current Drug Targets Aspartic Proteases in Drug Discovery
Current Pharmaceutical Design Nano-Phytosome: A Developing Platform for Herbal Anti-Cancer Agents in Cancer Therapy
Current Drug Targets Triterpenoid Saponins from Two Panax japonicus Varietals Used in Tujia Ethnomedicine
Current Traditional Medicine Antitumor Carbazoles
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Cancer Drug Development with the Help of Radiopharmaceuticals: Academic Experience
Current Pharmaceutical Design β -Glucans and their Applications in Cancer Therapy: Focus on human studies
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Synthesis of Deuterium Labeled 5, 5-Dimethyl-3-(α, α, α-trifluoro-4-nitro-m-tolyl) Hydantoin
Current Radiopharmaceuticals Retinoids in Clinical Use
Medicinal Chemistry