Abstract
This review provides an overview of the chemical constituents of regularly consumed plants that increase the activity or induce expression of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), a major family of detoxification/ cytoprotective enzymes of ubiquitous occurrence in the body. Since induction of phase II (cytoprotective) enzymes, essentially GSTs, is a principal strategy in deactivation of potential carcinogens, it is reasonable to conclude that phytochemicals that enhance the activity/expression of GST isoforms/isoenzymes may play a role in cancer prevention. In this respect, classes of natural products that exhibit this ability are presented. In addition, their possible contribution to chemoprevention is discussed. GSTs constitute a large family of detoxification enzymes in nature. GSTs has been long known to deactivate electrophilic xenobiotics or metabolites, reactive oxygen species as well as certain endogenous substrates. However, there is a growing appreciation that GSTs may have an even wider relevance to cancer, in that they can directly modulate the activity of a number of protein targets, including other enzymes in redox pathways and in signaling networks of cell division and cell cycle control. The following aspects will be treated herein: botanical sources, phytochemical classes, chemical structures of these natural products, bioactivity relevant to chemoprevention, and their influence on induction of GST in vitro and in animal models. A hint on the SAR of organosulfur compounds, isothiocyanates, and limonoids as GST inducers, is added. The few clinical and/or epidemiological studies that associate GST induction with prevention of carcinogenesis are also reviewed.
Keywords: Carcinogens, Chemoprevention, Expression, Glutathione s-transferases, Induction, Phytochemicals.
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Induction of GST and Related Events by Dietary Phytochemicals: Sources, Chemistry, and Possible Contribution to Chemoprevention
Volume: 14 Issue: 24
Author(s): Ahmed M. Galal, Larry A. Walker and Ikhlas A. Khan
Affiliation:
Keywords: Carcinogens, Chemoprevention, Expression, Glutathione s-transferases, Induction, Phytochemicals.
Abstract: This review provides an overview of the chemical constituents of regularly consumed plants that increase the activity or induce expression of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), a major family of detoxification/ cytoprotective enzymes of ubiquitous occurrence in the body. Since induction of phase II (cytoprotective) enzymes, essentially GSTs, is a principal strategy in deactivation of potential carcinogens, it is reasonable to conclude that phytochemicals that enhance the activity/expression of GST isoforms/isoenzymes may play a role in cancer prevention. In this respect, classes of natural products that exhibit this ability are presented. In addition, their possible contribution to chemoprevention is discussed. GSTs constitute a large family of detoxification enzymes in nature. GSTs has been long known to deactivate electrophilic xenobiotics or metabolites, reactive oxygen species as well as certain endogenous substrates. However, there is a growing appreciation that GSTs may have an even wider relevance to cancer, in that they can directly modulate the activity of a number of protein targets, including other enzymes in redox pathways and in signaling networks of cell division and cell cycle control. The following aspects will be treated herein: botanical sources, phytochemical classes, chemical structures of these natural products, bioactivity relevant to chemoprevention, and their influence on induction of GST in vitro and in animal models. A hint on the SAR of organosulfur compounds, isothiocyanates, and limonoids as GST inducers, is added. The few clinical and/or epidemiological studies that associate GST induction with prevention of carcinogenesis are also reviewed.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Galal M. Ahmed, Walker A. Larry and Khan A. Ikhlas, Induction of GST and Related Events by Dietary Phytochemicals: Sources, Chemistry, and Possible Contribution to Chemoprevention, Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 2014; 14 (24) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568026615666141208110721
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568026615666141208110721 |
Print ISSN 1568-0266 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4294 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Chemistry Based on Natural Products for Therapeutic Purposes
The development of new pharmaceuticals for a wide range of medical conditions has long relied on the identification of promising natural products (NPs). There are over sixty percent of cancer, infectious illness, and CNS disease medications that include an NP pharmacophore, according to the Food and Drug Administration. Since NP ...read more
Current Trends in Drug Discovery Based on Artificial Intelligence and Computer-Aided Drug Design
Drug development discovery has faced several challenges over the years. In fact, the evolution of classical approaches to modern methods using computational methods, or Computer-Aided Drug Design (CADD), has shown promising and essential results in any drug discovery campaign. Among these methods, molecular docking is one of the most notable ...read more
Drug Discovery in the Age of Artificial Intelligence
In the age of artificial intelligence (AI), we have witnessed a significant boom in AI techniques for drug discovery. AI techniques are increasingly integrated and accelerating the drug discovery process. These developments have not only attracted the attention of academia and industry but also raised important questions regarding the selection ...read more
From Biodiversity to Chemical Diversity: Focus of Flavonoids
Flavonoids are the largest group of polyphenols, plant secondary metabolites arising from the essential aromatic amino acid phenylalanine (or more rarely from tyrosine) via the phenylpropanoid pathway. The flavan nucleus is the basic 15-carbon skeleton of flavonoids (C6-C3-C6), which consists of two phenyl rings (A and B) and a heterocyclic ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Acute Cardioembolic Cerebral Infarction: Answers to Clinical Questions
Current Cardiology Reviews Expression and Function of Kruppel Like-Factors (KLF) in Carcinogenesis
Current Genomics Cytokines and Hormones in the Regulation of Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1α (HIF-1α)
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Targeting Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Phenotype for Gastro-Intestinal Cancer
Current Pharmaceutical Design Role of Micronutrients: Boron and Molybdenum in Crops and in Human Health and Nutrition
Current Nutrition & Food Science B7-H3 Immune Checkpoint Protein in Human Cancer
Current Medicinal Chemistry Resveratrol: A New Potential Therapeutic Agent for Melanoma?
Current Medicinal Chemistry Mucoadhesive Polymeric Platform for Drug Delivery; A Comprehensive Review
Current Drug Delivery Resveratrol, a Phytochemical Inducer of Multiple Cell Death Pathways: Apoptosis, Autophagy and Mitotic Catastrophe
Current Medicinal Chemistry Evaluation of Echocardiographic Abnormalities in HIV Positive Patients Treated with Antiretroviral Medications
Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets Adhesion Molecules as Targets for the Treatment of Neoplastic Diseases
Current Pharmaceutical Design Synthesis of Pyridine and Spiropyridine Derivatives Derived from 2-aminoprop- 1-ene-1,1,3-tricarbonitrile Together with their c-Met Kinase and Antiproliferative Evaluations
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Interventional Radiology in Paediatrics
Current Pediatric Reviews Oxidative Phosphorylation as a Target to Arrest Malignant Neoplasias
Current Medicinal Chemistry Drug-Loaded Nanocarriers in Tumor Targeted Drug Delivery
Current Biotechnology On the Use of Hydrogels in Cell Encapsulation and Tissue Engineering Systems
Recent Patents on Drug Delivery & Formulation High Expression of miR-483-5p Predicts Chemotherapy Resistance in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
MicroRNA The Modulation of Pain by Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors 7 and 8 in the Dorsal Striatum
Current Neuropharmacology MIF and CD74 - Suitability as Clinical Biomarkers
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Application of Proteome Analysis to the Assessment of Prognosis and Response Prediction in Clinical Oncology
Current Cancer Drug Targets