Title:Tumour Mutation Profiling with High-throughput Multiplexed Genotyping: A Review of its Use for Guiding Targeted Cancer Therapy
VOLUME: 9 ISSUE: 4
Author(s):Mark J. McKeage, Phillip Shepherd, Masato Yozu and Donald R. Love
Affiliation:Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology and Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019 Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
Keywords:Cancer, mutation profiling, targeted therapies, tumour genotyping.
Abstract:The literature concerning the design of large-scale high-throughput multiplexed genotyping assays for profiling
tumour somatic mutations, and studies of their validation and prospective clinical use in guiding targeted therapies, is
reviewed. Reports of the design and development of genotyping approaches for the simultaneous detection of numerous
oncogenic driver mutations in many known cancer genes first appeared in the literature between 2007 and 2010. Retrospective
studies of the detection of somatic mutations in a representative series of human tumour specimens has provided
evidence of analytical validity as well as technical accuracy and reliability. Six prospective clinical studies reported since
2011 have generated evidence supporting the clinical validity of these genotyping approaches in identifying tumour somatic
mutations in cancer patients in a way that could guide their treatment options. Currently, over forty different targeted
drug therapies are approved for clinical use in treating cancer that therapeutically address over sixty different cancer-
associated genes and hundreds of individual oncogenic driver mutations. This expanding list of targetable cancer
genes and driver mutations are now candidates for inclusion in customised genotyping designs for future clinical evaluation
in guiding targeted cancer therapy.
