Abstract
Stress has become an integral part of human life and organisms are being constantly subjected to stress and the ability to cope with such stress is a crucial determinant of health and disease. Neuropeptides (bioactive peptides) play a crucial role in mediating different effects of acute and chronic stress. Some of these neuropeptides including oxytocin, urocortins, neuropeptide Y (NPY), neuropeptide S, cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript, endorphins, enkephalins, ghrelin and thyrotropin-releasing hormone primarily attenuate stress and act as anxiolytic. On the other hand, neuropeptides including corticotropin releasing hormone, vasopressin, dynorphin, angiotensin, nesfatin-1, orexin and cholecystokinin primarily tend to promote stress related anxiety behavior. However, these neuropeptide tend to produce different actions depending on the type of receptors, the nature and intensity of the stressor. For example, NPY may exhibit anxiolytic effects by activating NPY1 and Y5 receptors, while pro-depressive effects are produced through NPY2 and Y4 receptors. Galanin may produce ‘prodepressive’ effects by activating its Gal 1 receptors and exert ‘antidepressant’ effects through Gal 2 receptors. The present review describes different neuropeptides as therapeutic targets to attenuate stress-induced behavioral and neuroendocrinological effects.
Keywords: Stress, corticotropin releasing hormone, neuropeptide Y, orexins, oxytocin, vasopressin, opioids.
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets
Title:Neuropeptides as Therapeutic Targets to Combat Stress-Associated Behavioral and Neuroendocrinological Effects
Volume: 13 Issue: 2
Author(s): Anjana Bali, Nirmal Singh and Amteshwar Singh Jaggi
Affiliation:
Keywords: Stress, corticotropin releasing hormone, neuropeptide Y, orexins, oxytocin, vasopressin, opioids.
Abstract: Stress has become an integral part of human life and organisms are being constantly subjected to stress and the ability to cope with such stress is a crucial determinant of health and disease. Neuropeptides (bioactive peptides) play a crucial role in mediating different effects of acute and chronic stress. Some of these neuropeptides including oxytocin, urocortins, neuropeptide Y (NPY), neuropeptide S, cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript, endorphins, enkephalins, ghrelin and thyrotropin-releasing hormone primarily attenuate stress and act as anxiolytic. On the other hand, neuropeptides including corticotropin releasing hormone, vasopressin, dynorphin, angiotensin, nesfatin-1, orexin and cholecystokinin primarily tend to promote stress related anxiety behavior. However, these neuropeptide tend to produce different actions depending on the type of receptors, the nature and intensity of the stressor. For example, NPY may exhibit anxiolytic effects by activating NPY1 and Y5 receptors, while pro-depressive effects are produced through NPY2 and Y4 receptors. Galanin may produce ‘prodepressive’ effects by activating its Gal 1 receptors and exert ‘antidepressant’ effects through Gal 2 receptors. The present review describes different neuropeptides as therapeutic targets to attenuate stress-induced behavioral and neuroendocrinological effects.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Bali Anjana, Singh Nirmal and Jaggi Singh Amteshwar, Neuropeptides as Therapeutic Targets to Combat Stress-Associated Behavioral and Neuroendocrinological Effects, CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets 2014; 13 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871527313666140314163920
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871527313666140314163920 |
Print ISSN 1871-5273 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1996-3181 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Diagnosis and treatment of central nervous system infectious diseases
Infectious diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) can be divided into bacterial, tuberculous, viral, fungal, parasitic infections, etc. Early etiological treatment is often the most crucial means to reduce the mortality rate of patients with central nervous system infections, reduce complications and sequelae, and improve prognosis. The initial clinical ...read more
Techniques of Drug Repurposing: Delivering a new life to Herbs & Drugs
Of late, with the adaptation of innovative approaches and integration of advancements made towards medical sciences as well as the availability of a wide range of tools; several therapeutic challenges are being translated into viable clinical solutions, with a high degree of efficacy, safety, and selectivity. With a better understanding ...read more
Trends and perspectives in the rational management of CNS disorders
Central nervous system (CNS) diseases enforce a significant global health burden, driving ongoing efforts to improve our understanding and effectiveness of therapy. This issue investigates current advances in the discipline, focusing on the understanding as well as therapeutic handling of various CNS diseases. The issue covers a variety of diseases, ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Piperine from Black Pepper Decreased the Expression of Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 in Macrophages
Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Role of Histone Deacetylases (HDACs) in Epilepsy and Epileptogenesis
Current Pharmaceutical Design Diacylglycerol Kinases as Emerging Potential Drug Targets for a Variety of Diseases
Current Drug Targets Semicarbazone Analogs as Anticonvulsant Agents: A Review
Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Clinical Trials for Neuroprotection in ALS
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Parallel and Multiplexed Bead-Based Assays and Encoding Strategies
Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening HIV-1 Induced CNS Dysfunction: Current Overview and Research Priorities
Current HIV Research Presynaptic NR2B-Containing NMDA Autoreceptors Mediate Glutamatergic Synaptic Transmission in the Rat Visual Cortex
Current Neurovascular Research Computer-Aided Drug Discovery and Design Targeting Ion Channels
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry New Insights Emerging from Recent Investigations on Human Group II Pyridoxal 5’-Phosphate Decarboxylases
Current Medicinal Chemistry Potential for Discovery of Neuroprotective Factors in Serum and Tissue from Hibernating Species
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Transforming Growth Factor-β Signaling in Motor Neuron Diseases
Current Molecular Medicine Fetal Programming of the Human Brain: Is there a Link with Insurgence of Neurodegenerative Disorders in Adulthood?
Current Medicinal Chemistry BK Channel Modulators: A Comprehensive Overview
Current Medicinal Chemistry Perinatal and Neonatal Outcomes of Lithium-Treated and Untreated Bipolar Women During Pregnancy: A Review of Present Literature
Current Psychopharmacology Mechanisms and Treatment of Neuropathic Pain
Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Diabetes, Diabetic Complications, and Phosphate Toxicity: A Scoping Review
Current Diabetes Reviews Brain-Delivery of Zinc-Ions as Potential Treatment for Neurological Diseases: Mini Review
Drug Delivery Letters Reacting to Stress: Radical Cellular Pathways for Novel Drug Development
Current Neurovascular Research Therapeutic Efficacy of Selegiline in Neurodegenerative Disorders and Neurological Diseases
Current Drug Targets