Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is directly linked with atherosclerotic burden and cell-free nucleic acids (cf-NA) analysis has recently emerged as a novel research tool in atherosclerosis practice and research. cf-NA are nucleic acids (DNA, mRNA, miRNA, mitochondrial DNA) found in plasma and cell-free fractions of various other biological fluids. They have all the characteristics of the nucleic acids in the cells of their origin, thus constituting an emerging field for non-invasive assessment. Initially, quantitative and qualitative analysis of cf-NA has been accepted as clinically useful in non-invasive prenatal diagnosis, and in the diagnosis and monitoring of numerous cancers. As to atherosclerosis, cf-NA analysis poses an important challenge in diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of acute coronary syndrome, in prediction of cardiovascular disease, in non-invasive early detection of atherosclerosis and understanding its pathological mechanism in vivo, in assessing various issues of treatment for atherosclerosis in vivo, and in the unique simultaneous measurement of mRNA levels and protein concentrations in a single sample of plasma. Examples of its use are presented in this review. Besides the advances in technologies, the precise evaluation and optimization of pre-analytical and analytical aspects of cf-NA analysis have impacted importantly on the reliability of test results. We have, therefore, reviewed the most important analytical considerations. Further clinical studies and analytical improvements will answer the question as to whether cf-NA, as novel biomarkers, can be reliably applied clinically in non-invasive, early diagnosis and monitoring of the vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques of patients who could suffer from acute coronary syndrome.
Keywords: Cell-free nucleic acids, atherosclerosis, non-invasive application, research tool, analytical considerations.
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:Cell-free Nucleic Acids as a Non-Invasive Route for Investigating Atherosclerosis
Volume: 20 Issue: 31
Author(s): Darko Cerne and Jana Lukac Bajalo
Affiliation:
Keywords: Cell-free nucleic acids, atherosclerosis, non-invasive application, research tool, analytical considerations.
Abstract: Metabolic syndrome is directly linked with atherosclerotic burden and cell-free nucleic acids (cf-NA) analysis has recently emerged as a novel research tool in atherosclerosis practice and research. cf-NA are nucleic acids (DNA, mRNA, miRNA, mitochondrial DNA) found in plasma and cell-free fractions of various other biological fluids. They have all the characteristics of the nucleic acids in the cells of their origin, thus constituting an emerging field for non-invasive assessment. Initially, quantitative and qualitative analysis of cf-NA has been accepted as clinically useful in non-invasive prenatal diagnosis, and in the diagnosis and monitoring of numerous cancers. As to atherosclerosis, cf-NA analysis poses an important challenge in diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of acute coronary syndrome, in prediction of cardiovascular disease, in non-invasive early detection of atherosclerosis and understanding its pathological mechanism in vivo, in assessing various issues of treatment for atherosclerosis in vivo, and in the unique simultaneous measurement of mRNA levels and protein concentrations in a single sample of plasma. Examples of its use are presented in this review. Besides the advances in technologies, the precise evaluation and optimization of pre-analytical and analytical aspects of cf-NA analysis have impacted importantly on the reliability of test results. We have, therefore, reviewed the most important analytical considerations. Further clinical studies and analytical improvements will answer the question as to whether cf-NA, as novel biomarkers, can be reliably applied clinically in non-invasive, early diagnosis and monitoring of the vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques of patients who could suffer from acute coronary syndrome.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Cerne Darko and Bajalo Lukac Jana, Cell-free Nucleic Acids as a Non-Invasive Route for Investigating Atherosclerosis, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2014; 20 (31) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612819666131206110317
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612819666131206110317 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
In-Vivo Gene Delivery by Sonoporation: Recent Progress and Prospects
Current Gene Therapy Risk-Benefit Perspectives in COX-2 Blockade
Current Drug Safety Itraconazole Induced Congestive Heart Failure, A Case Study
Current Drug Safety Exploration of Epigenetic State Hyperdopaminergia (Surfeit) and Genetic Trait Hypodopaminergia (Deficit) during Adolescent Brain Development
Current Psychopharmacology Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1
Current Medicinal Chemistry ADP Receptors-Targets for Developing Antithrombotic Agents
Current Pharmaceutical Design Aerobic Exercise Does Not Predict Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor And Cortisol Alterations in Depressed Patients
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets When Does Food Refusal Require Professional Intervention?
Current Nutrition & Food Science Cardiomyocyte-Specific TβR2 Knockout Mice are More Susceptible to Cardiac Hypertrophy Induced by Adrenergic Agonist Stimulation
Current Molecular Medicine Alcohol and the Cardiovascular System: A Double-Edged Sword
Current Pharmaceutical Design Asymmetric Dimethylarginine (ADMA): A Promising Biomarker for Cardiovascular Disease?
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Optimal Medical Therapy for Coronary Artery Disease in 2011 – Perspectives from the STICH Trial
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Failing a First Anti-TNF in RA: Does it Imply a Change in Target?
Current Rheumatology Reviews SiRNA Mediated Gene Silencing: Hurdles, Strategies and Applications
Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Insights into the Relationship Between Hypertension and Albuminuria
Current Hypertension Reviews New Aspects of Statin Safety
Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Discontinued) The Woman’s Heart: Insights into New Potential Targeted Therapy
Current Medicinal Chemistry Diagnostic Value of Postprandial Triglyceride Testing in Healthy Subjects:A Meta-Analysis
Current Vascular Pharmacology Joint ESC/EASD Guidelines on Diabetes, where are we Now and where should we Go?
Current Vascular Pharmacology Review of Vital Signs Monitoring Systems – Patient’s Acceptability, Issues and Challenges
Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering (Discontinued)