Abstract
Neoplastic urothelium has the capacity to display enormous plasticity and divergent differentiation. Neuroendocrine tumors arise as a result of such capacity. Neuroendocrine tumors of the bladder represent a limited number of neoplasms characterized by neuroendocrine hormone secretion and a poor outcome. These tumors can be displayed as pure neuroendocrine neoplasms or more frequently as a neuroendocrine counterpart mixed with classical urothelial bladder cell carcinomas, adenocarcinoma, sarcomatoid carcinoma or mixtures of these components. Their heterogeneous character and clinical aggressiveness remain a challenge for clinical, pathological diagnosis and for therapy selection. Several types have been described, although small cell carcinoma represents the major subgroup of neuroendocrine tumors as compared to large cell carcinoma and carcinoid subtypes. In this review, epidemiology, presentation, macroscopic and microscopic features, and clinical prognostic and therapeutic implications of the major subgroups are described. Special focus is given to discuss how immunohistochemistry protein patterns and laboratory determinations may aid to characterize this type of tumors and to improve the clinical management of this highly aggressive type of bladder cancer patients.
Keywords: Bladder cancer, carcinoid, chromogranin-A, cytokeratins, neuroendocrine, NSE, serotonin, synaptophysin.
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title:The Neuroendocrine Component in Bladder Tumors
Volume: 21 Issue: 9
Author(s): N. Pompas-Veganzones, P. Gonzalez-Peramato and M. Sanchez-Carbayo
Affiliation:
Keywords: Bladder cancer, carcinoid, chromogranin-A, cytokeratins, neuroendocrine, NSE, serotonin, synaptophysin.
Abstract: Neoplastic urothelium has the capacity to display enormous plasticity and divergent differentiation. Neuroendocrine tumors arise as a result of such capacity. Neuroendocrine tumors of the bladder represent a limited number of neoplasms characterized by neuroendocrine hormone secretion and a poor outcome. These tumors can be displayed as pure neuroendocrine neoplasms or more frequently as a neuroendocrine counterpart mixed with classical urothelial bladder cell carcinomas, adenocarcinoma, sarcomatoid carcinoma or mixtures of these components. Their heterogeneous character and clinical aggressiveness remain a challenge for clinical, pathological diagnosis and for therapy selection. Several types have been described, although small cell carcinoma represents the major subgroup of neuroendocrine tumors as compared to large cell carcinoma and carcinoid subtypes. In this review, epidemiology, presentation, macroscopic and microscopic features, and clinical prognostic and therapeutic implications of the major subgroups are described. Special focus is given to discuss how immunohistochemistry protein patterns and laboratory determinations may aid to characterize this type of tumors and to improve the clinical management of this highly aggressive type of bladder cancer patients.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Pompas-Veganzones N., Gonzalez-Peramato P. and Sanchez-Carbayo M., The Neuroendocrine Component in Bladder Tumors, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2014; 21 (9) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867321666131201141346
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867321666131201141346 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Medicinal Chemistry: From Cancer to Chronic Diseases.
The broad spectrum of the issue will provide a comprehensive overview of emerging trends, novel therapeutic interventions, and translational insights that impact modern medicine. The primary focus will be diseases of global concern, including cancer, chronic pain, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune conditions, providing a broad overview of the advancements in ...read more
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Infectious Inflammatory Diseases: Focus on Clinical Implications
The Special Issue covers the results of the studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of non-infectious inflammatory diseases, in particular, autoimmune rheumatic diseases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other age-related disorders such as type II diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Review and research articles as well as methodology papers that summarize ...read more
Chalcogen-modified nucleic acid analogues
Chalcogen-modified nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides have been of great interest to scientific research for many years. The replacement of oxygen in the nucleobase, sugar or phosphate backbone by chalcogen atoms (sulfur, selenium, tellurium) gives these biomolecules unique properties resulting from their altered physical and chemical properties. The continuing interest in ...read more
Current advances in inherited cardiomyopathy
Describe in detail all novel advances in multimodality imaging related to inherited cardiomyopathy diagnosis and prognosis. Shed light to deeper phenotypic characterization. Acknowledge recent advances in genetics, genomics and precision medicineread more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Proteasome Inhibitors in Cancer Therapy
Current Drug Targets Applications of HPLC-MALDI-TOF MS/MS Phosphoproteomic Analysis in Oncological Clinical Diagnostics
Current Proteomics Concentrations of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn in Blood Serum of Cancer Patients and Comparison with Healthy Person by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
Current Analytical Chemistry Magnetic Resonance Contrast Media Sensing In Vivo Molecular Imaging Agents: An Overview
Current Radiopharmaceuticals The Role of Tumor Associated Macrophages (TAMs) in Cancer Progression, Chemoresistance, Angiogenesis and Metastasis - Current Status
Current Medicinal Chemistry Non-Viral Gene Delivery to the Lungs
Current Gene Therapy The Therapeutic Potential of Gallium-Based Complexes in Anti-Tumor Drug Design
Letters in Drug Design & Discovery Positron Emission Tomography and Computer Tomography (PET/CT) in Prostate, Bladder, and Testicular Cancers
Current Medicinal Chemistry Review: Technegas - 99mTc-Metal Core Graphite Nanoparticles for Pulmonary Ventilation Imaging
Current Radiopharmaceuticals Nanoparticle-Based Combination Therapy for Cancer Treatment
Current Pharmaceutical Design Non-aspirin Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs for the Primary Chemoprevention of Non-gastrointestinal Cancer: Summary of Evidence
Current Pharmaceutical Design It is All About Proteases: From Drug Delivery to In Vivo Imaging and Photomedicine
Current Medicinal Chemistry Cancer-Type Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptide 1B3: Current Knowledge of the Gene Structure, Expression Profile, Functional Implications and Future Perspectives
Current Drug Metabolism Mitochondrial and Nuclear Genes of Mitochondrial Components in Cancer
Current Genomics Recent Advances in Oncogenic Roles of the TRPM7 Chanzyme
Current Medicinal Chemistry Cordycepin in Anticancer Research: Molecular Mechanism of Therapeutic Effects
Current Medicinal Chemistry Human Cancer Cell Line Based Approach of 1,3,4-thiadiazole and its Fused Ring: A Comprehensive Review
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Chalcones in Cancer: Understanding their Role in Terms of QSAR
Current Medicinal Chemistry Iontophoresis: Drug Delivery System by Applying an Electrical Potential Across the Skin
Drug Delivery Letters In vivo 19F MR Studies of Fluorine Labeled Photosensitizers in a Murine Tumor Model
Current Drug Discovery Technologies