Abstract
In the oral cavity, taste receptor cells dedicate to detecting chemical compounds in foodstuffs and transmitting their signals to gustatory nerve fibers. Heretofore, five taste qualities (sweet, umami, bitter, salty and sour) are generally accepted as basic tastes. Each of these may have a specific role in the detection of nutritious and poisonous substances; sweet for carbohydrate sources of calories, umami for protein and amino acid contents, bitter for harmful compounds, salty for minerals and sour for ripeness of fruits and spoiled foods. Recent studies have revealed molecular mechanisms for reception and transduction of these five basic tastes. Sweet, umami and bitter tastes are mediated by G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) and second-messenger signaling cascades. Salty and sour tastes are mediated by channel-type receptors. In addition to five basic tastes, taste receptor cells may have the ability to detect fat taste, which is elicited by fatty acids, and calcium taste, which is elicited by calcium. Taste compounds eliciting either fat taste or calcium taste may be detected by specific GPCRs expressed in taste receptor cells. This review will focus on transduction mechanisms and cellular characteristics responsible for each of basic tastes, fat taste and calcium taste.
Keywords: Taste receptor, transduction, cell type, taste quality, fat taste and calcium taste.
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:Taste Transductions in Taste Receptor Cells: Basic Tastes and Moreover
Volume: 20 Issue: 16
Author(s): Shusuke Iwata, Ryusuke Yoshida and Yuzo Ninomiya
Affiliation:
Keywords: Taste receptor, transduction, cell type, taste quality, fat taste and calcium taste.
Abstract: In the oral cavity, taste receptor cells dedicate to detecting chemical compounds in foodstuffs and transmitting their signals to gustatory nerve fibers. Heretofore, five taste qualities (sweet, umami, bitter, salty and sour) are generally accepted as basic tastes. Each of these may have a specific role in the detection of nutritious and poisonous substances; sweet for carbohydrate sources of calories, umami for protein and amino acid contents, bitter for harmful compounds, salty for minerals and sour for ripeness of fruits and spoiled foods. Recent studies have revealed molecular mechanisms for reception and transduction of these five basic tastes. Sweet, umami and bitter tastes are mediated by G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) and second-messenger signaling cascades. Salty and sour tastes are mediated by channel-type receptors. In addition to five basic tastes, taste receptor cells may have the ability to detect fat taste, which is elicited by fatty acids, and calcium taste, which is elicited by calcium. Taste compounds eliciting either fat taste or calcium taste may be detected by specific GPCRs expressed in taste receptor cells. This review will focus on transduction mechanisms and cellular characteristics responsible for each of basic tastes, fat taste and calcium taste.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Iwata Shusuke, Yoshida Ryusuke and Ninomiya Yuzo, Taste Transductions in Taste Receptor Cells: Basic Tastes and Moreover, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2014; 20 (16) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/13816128113199990575
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/13816128113199990575 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Editorial (Thematic Issue: Managing Strategies for Diverse Diseases: Challenges from Bench to Bedside Translation in Successful Drug Discovery and Development)
Current Pharmaceutical Design Effect of Fetal and Neonatal Hypothyroidism on Glucose Tolerance in Middle- Aged Female Rats
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Vitiligo: Pathogenetic Hypotheses and Targets for Current Therapies
Current Drug Metabolism Homocysteine and Folate Therapy in Dialysis Patients
Letters in Drug Design & Discovery An Arylidene-Thiazolidinedione Derivative, GPU-4, without PPARγ Activation, Reduces Retinal Neovascularization
Current Neurovascular Research Statin Therapy and New-onset Diabetes: Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Relevance
Current Pharmaceutical Design Fighting Diabetes: Lessons from Xenotransplantation and Nanomedicine
Current Pharmaceutical Design Therapeutic Implications of Gene Deletion of Ligands and Receptors of Members of TNF Superfamily
Medicinal Chemistry Reviews - Online (Discontinued) The Impact of Body Mass Index and Type 2 Diabetes on Breast Cancer: Current Therapeutic Measures of Prevention
Current Drug Targets - Immune, Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders Diagnostic Tools, Biomarkers, and Treatments in Diabetic polyneuropathy and Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy
Current Diabetes Reviews Roles of p38-MAPK in Insulin Resistant Heart: Evidence from Bench to Future Bedside Application
Current Pharmaceutical Design Pioglitazone and Cancer: Angel or Demon?
Current Pharmaceutical Design Inflammation, High Density Lipoprotein and Endothelium
Current Medicinal Chemistry Optimization and Characterization of Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized by Leaves Extract of <i>Alphonsea madraspatana</i>
Current Bioactive Compounds Type 2 Diabetes and Asthma: Systematic Review of the Bidirectional Relationship
Current Diabetes Reviews Mitochondrial Uncoupling and the Regulation of Glucose Homeostasis
Current Diabetes Reviews Impact of the CD40-CD40L Dyad in Alzheimers Disease
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Cross-talk Between Exogenous Statins and Endogenous High-Density Lipoprotein in Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Atherogenic Actions
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Novel Swellable/Expandable Gastroretentive Floating Films of Gliclazide Folded in Capsule Shell for the Effective Management of Diabetes Mellitus: Formulation Development, Optimization and In Vitro Evaluation
Current Drug Therapy Effect of Supervised Exercise Program on Individuals in Peripheral Arterial Disease with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus - A Systematic Review
Current Diabetes Reviews