Abstract
The role of vitamin D (VitD) has recently been expanded beyond bone homeostasis and regulation of calcium levels. VitD deficiency has been proposed as a new risk factor for cardiovascular disease, including stroke. Low 25(OH)VitD levels are very common among post-stroke patients, probably due to their limited mobility and decreased sunlight exposure along with a higher prevalence of malnutrition, and they have been associated with previous and incident cerebrovascular events. Contributing mechanisms have been linked to the association of VitD deficiency with the presence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis. Moreover, there is experimental evidence demonstrating that VitD exerts neuroprotective effects, such as stimulation of neurotrophic factors, quenching of oxidative hyperactivity and regulation of neuronal death, as well as antithrombotic properties. It is plausible that VitD supplementation could be a beneficial intervention for the prevention and/or treatment of cerebrovascular disease possibly by decreasing the aforementioned cerebrovascular risk factors and simultaneously by improving neurologic and cognitive functions, thereby reducing falls and fractures in post-stroke patients. However, study results are still conflicting and data from large, randomized clinical trials are needed to clarify these speculations.
Keywords: Antiatherogenic effect, antithrombotic effect, cardiovascular disease, deficiency, neuroprotection, stroke, vitamin D.
Current Vascular Pharmacology
Title:Vitamin D and Stroke: Promise for Prevention and Better Outcome
Volume: 12 Issue: 1
Author(s): Stefania E. Makariou, Patrik Michel, Meropi S. Tzoufi, Anna Challa and Haralampos J. Milionis
Affiliation:
Keywords: Antiatherogenic effect, antithrombotic effect, cardiovascular disease, deficiency, neuroprotection, stroke, vitamin D.
Abstract: The role of vitamin D (VitD) has recently been expanded beyond bone homeostasis and regulation of calcium levels. VitD deficiency has been proposed as a new risk factor for cardiovascular disease, including stroke. Low 25(OH)VitD levels are very common among post-stroke patients, probably due to their limited mobility and decreased sunlight exposure along with a higher prevalence of malnutrition, and they have been associated with previous and incident cerebrovascular events. Contributing mechanisms have been linked to the association of VitD deficiency with the presence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis. Moreover, there is experimental evidence demonstrating that VitD exerts neuroprotective effects, such as stimulation of neurotrophic factors, quenching of oxidative hyperactivity and regulation of neuronal death, as well as antithrombotic properties. It is plausible that VitD supplementation could be a beneficial intervention for the prevention and/or treatment of cerebrovascular disease possibly by decreasing the aforementioned cerebrovascular risk factors and simultaneously by improving neurologic and cognitive functions, thereby reducing falls and fractures in post-stroke patients. However, study results are still conflicting and data from large, randomized clinical trials are needed to clarify these speculations.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Makariou E. Stefania, Michel Patrik, Tzoufi S. Meropi, Challa Anna and Milionis J. Haralampos, Vitamin D and Stroke: Promise for Prevention and Better Outcome, Current Vascular Pharmacology 2014; 12 (1) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/15701611113119990119
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/15701611113119990119 |
Print ISSN 1570-1611 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6212 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Ischemic Cardiovascular Diseases: Mechanisms, Diagnosis and Therapy
Ischemic cardiovascular disease includes myocardial infarction, coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, angina pectoris, etc., constitute the leading cause of patient mortality by preventing tissues from getting sufficient oxygen and nutrients. Ischemic heart disease, as a clinical condition, is characterized by myocardial ischemia, causing an imbalance between myocardial blood supply and demand, ...read more
TREATMENT OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN CHRONIC AND END STAGE KIDNEY DISEASE
Cardiovascular disease still remains the leading cause of death in Chronic and End Stage Kidney Disease, accounting for more than half of all deaths in dialysis patients. During the past decade, research has been focused on novel therapeutic agents that might delay or even reverse cardiovascular disease and vascular calcification, ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Editorial [Hot Topic: Non-Reproductive Effects of Sex Steroids: Their Immunoregulatory Role (Guest Editor: Jorge Morales-Monto)]
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Henoch-Schönlein Purpura in Children: An Updated Review
Current Pediatric Reviews Simultaneous Determination of Amlodipine and Irbesartan in their Pharmaceutical Formulations by Square-Wave Voltammetry
Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening Physiological and Molecular Role of Ranpirnase on Cancer Treatment
Current Cancer Therapy Reviews Editorial [Concurrent Blood Pressure, Glycemic and Lipid Control for the Prevention of Vascular Complications of Type II Diabetes Mellitus: A Long Overdue Objective?]
Current Vascular Pharmacology Biochemical Markers of Cardiovascular Damage from Tobacco Smoke
Current Pharmaceutical Design Noncoding RNAs and Intracerebral Hemorrhage
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Recent Trends in Development of Fermented Milks
Current Nutrition & Food Science Biological Markers in Older People at Risk of Mobility Limitations
Current Pharmaceutical Design Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: New Genetic Insights will Lead to New Therapeutics
Current Genomics Catastrophic Antiphospholipid Syndrome - 20 Years Later
Current Rheumatology Reviews Oxidative Stress and Psychological Disorders
Current Neuropharmacology Clinical Science of Calcium Channel Blocker to Inhibit Hypertensive Vascular Injury
Current Hypertension Reviews Nano-constructed Carriers Loaded With Antioxidant: Boon For Cardiovascular System
Current Pharmaceutical Design Vascular Changes of the Retina and Choroid in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Pathology and Pathogenesis
Current Neurovascular Research Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and Angiotensin II Receptor Blocking Agents
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents Chloride Channels − New Targets for the Prevention of Stroke
Current Vascular Pharmacology Asymmetric Dimethylarginine (ADMA) and Cardiovascular Disease
Vascular Disease Prevention (Discontinued) Repeated Restraint and Nerve Growth Factor Administration in Male and Female Mice: Effect on Sympathetic and Cardiovascular Mediators of the Stress Response
Current Neurovascular Research A Validated HPLC-PDA Method for the Analysis of Ursolic Acid Content in Poly(lactic acid) Nanoparticles
Current Chromatography