Abstract
Ezetimibe, an inhibitor of intestinal cholesterol absorption, can decrease total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TGs) and apolipoprotein (apo) B levels and increase high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. Apart from lipid-lowering, ezetimibe may exert certain off-target actions (e.g. anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic and antioxidant) thus contributing to a further decrease of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.
Ezetimibe trials resulted in controversial outcomes with some studies reporting atherosclerosis regression and reductions in CVD events following ezetimibe therapy in combination with a statin while others reported negative results. The results of the ongoing IMProved Reduction of Outcomes: Vytorin Efficacy International Trial (IMPROVE-IT) which compares ezetimibe plus simvastatin with simvastatin monotherapy with regard to CVD outcomes after acute coronary syndromes should further elucidate the effect of ezetimibe on CVD events.
This review presents the results of up-to-date clinical trials with ezetimibe and summarizes its potential pleiotropic effects. Furthermore, we comment on the administration of ezetimibe in treating high-risk patients [i.e. with diabetes mellitus (DM), metabolic syndrome (MetS), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), chronic kidney disease (CKD), peripheral artery disease (PAD) or carotid disease]. The use of ezetimibe either as monotherapy or as add-on therapy in daily clinical practice is also discussed.
Keywords: Ezetimibe, clinical trials, dyslipidemia, pleiotropic actions, drug combinations, cholesterol.
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:Ezetimibe Therapy for Dyslipidemia: An Update
Volume: 19 Issue: 17
Author(s): Niki Katsiki, Eleni Theocharidou, Asterios Karagiannis, Vasilios G. Athyros and Dimitri P. Mikhailidis
Affiliation:
Keywords: Ezetimibe, clinical trials, dyslipidemia, pleiotropic actions, drug combinations, cholesterol.
Abstract: Ezetimibe, an inhibitor of intestinal cholesterol absorption, can decrease total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TGs) and apolipoprotein (apo) B levels and increase high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. Apart from lipid-lowering, ezetimibe may exert certain off-target actions (e.g. anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic and antioxidant) thus contributing to a further decrease of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.
Ezetimibe trials resulted in controversial outcomes with some studies reporting atherosclerosis regression and reductions in CVD events following ezetimibe therapy in combination with a statin while others reported negative results. The results of the ongoing IMProved Reduction of Outcomes: Vytorin Efficacy International Trial (IMPROVE-IT) which compares ezetimibe plus simvastatin with simvastatin monotherapy with regard to CVD outcomes after acute coronary syndromes should further elucidate the effect of ezetimibe on CVD events.
This review presents the results of up-to-date clinical trials with ezetimibe and summarizes its potential pleiotropic effects. Furthermore, we comment on the administration of ezetimibe in treating high-risk patients [i.e. with diabetes mellitus (DM), metabolic syndrome (MetS), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), chronic kidney disease (CKD), peripheral artery disease (PAD) or carotid disease]. The use of ezetimibe either as monotherapy or as add-on therapy in daily clinical practice is also discussed.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Katsiki Niki, Theocharidou Eleni, Karagiannis Asterios, Athyros Vasilios G. and Mikhailidis Dimitri P., Ezetimibe Therapy for Dyslipidemia: An Update, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2013; 19 (17) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/13816128113199990314
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/13816128113199990314 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Editorial (Thematic Issue: Advances in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome)
Current Pharmaceutical Design Glucose Transporters in Sex Steroid Hormone Related Cancer
Current Vascular Pharmacology Weight Loss in Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome
Current Hypertension Reviews Epigenetic Multiple Modulators
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry The Physiology of Nitric Oxide: Control and Consequences
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases with Anti-Inflammatory and Anti- Oxidant Nutraceuticals and Herbal Products: An Overview of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Studies
Recent Patents on Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery Current Experimental, Bioinformatic and Statistical Methods used in NMR Based Metabolomics
Current Metabolomics Topiramate in the New Generation of Drugs: Efficacy in the Treatment of Alcoholic Patients
Current Pharmaceutical Design Oxidative Stress and Neurodegenerative Diseases: Looking for a Therapeutic Solution Inspired on Benzopyran Chemistry
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Studies on α-Glucosidase Inhibitors Development: Magic Molecules for the Treatment of Carbohydrate Mediated Diseases
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Goto-kakizaki Rats: Its Suitability as Non-obese Diabetic Animal Model for Spontaneous Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Current Diabetes Reviews Emerging Technologies in Biocompatible Surface Modifying Additives: Quest for Physiologic Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents Role of Physician Gender in the Quality of Care of Cardiometabolic Diseases
Current Pharmaceutical Design Obesity: A New Pathology to Pay Attention to in Young People
Current Pharmaceutical Design Pharmacotherapy of Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Current Pharmaceutical Design Non-glycemic Adverse Effects of Insulin
Current Diabetes Reviews Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors: New Pharmacological Functions and Potential Clinical Implications
Current Pharmaceutical Design Realising Heart Regeneration
Current Tissue Engineering (Discontinued) Overview of Hyperuricaemia and Gout
Current Pharmaceutical Design Medication-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Older Patients
Current Drug Metabolism