Abstract
Morpholino oligos (Morpholinos) are widely used tools for knocking down gene expression and are currently in a clinical trial for treatment of Duchene muscular dystrophy. A Morpholino analog has been in a clinical trial as a potential anti-bioterrorism agent for inhibiting replication of deadly Marburg viral infection. The cellular uptake of Morpholinos can been greatly increased by conjugation with cell-penetrating peptides (CPP). The use of the CPP-Morpholino conjugates (PPMOs) in vivo has been broadly demonstrated in viral, bacterial, genetic and other diseases. The following aspects of PPMOs will be discussed in this paper including chemistry, stability, antisense specificity, mechanism of cellular uptake, in vivo efficacy, tissue distribution, pharmacokinetics, toxicity and the human clinical trials. PPMOs are powerful research tools for studying gene function in animals and their properties are being improved as potential human therapeutic agents.
Keywords: Morpholino oligos, Cell-penetrating peptide, PPMO, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, Antisense
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:In Vivo Delivery of Morpholino Oligos by Cell-Penetrating Peptides
Volume: 19 Issue: 16
Author(s): Hong M. Moulton
Affiliation:
Keywords: Morpholino oligos, Cell-penetrating peptide, PPMO, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, Antisense
Abstract: Morpholino oligos (Morpholinos) are widely used tools for knocking down gene expression and are currently in a clinical trial for treatment of Duchene muscular dystrophy. A Morpholino analog has been in a clinical trial as a potential anti-bioterrorism agent for inhibiting replication of deadly Marburg viral infection. The cellular uptake of Morpholinos can been greatly increased by conjugation with cell-penetrating peptides (CPP). The use of the CPP-Morpholino conjugates (PPMOs) in vivo has been broadly demonstrated in viral, bacterial, genetic and other diseases. The following aspects of PPMOs will be discussed in this paper including chemistry, stability, antisense specificity, mechanism of cellular uptake, in vivo efficacy, tissue distribution, pharmacokinetics, toxicity and the human clinical trials. PPMOs are powerful research tools for studying gene function in animals and their properties are being improved as potential human therapeutic agents.
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Cite this article as:
M. Moulton Hong, In Vivo Delivery of Morpholino Oligos by Cell-Penetrating Peptides, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2013; 19 (16) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612811319160010
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612811319160010 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
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