Abstract
Δ 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ 9-THC) is the main compound of the Cannabis Sativa responsible for most of the effects of the plant. Another major constituent is cannabidiol (CBD), formerly regarded to be devoid of pharmacological activity. However, laboratory rodents and human studies have shown that this cannabinoid is able to prevent psychotic-like symptoms induced by high doses of Δ 9- THC. Subsequent studies have demonstrated that CBD has antipsychotic effects as observed using animal models and in healthy volunteers. Thus, this article provides a critical review of the research evaluating antipsychotic potential of this cannabinoid. CBD appears to have pharmacological profile similar to that of atypical antipsychotic drugs as seem using behavioral and neurochemical techniques in animal models. Additionally, CBD prevented human experimental psychosis and was effective in open case reports and clinical trials in patients with schizophrenia with a remarkable safety profile. Moreover, fMRI results strongly suggest that the antipsychotic effects of CBD in relation to the psychotomimetic effects of Δ 9-THC involve the striatum and temporal cortex that have been traditionally associated with psychosis. Although the mechanisms of the antipsychotic properties are still not fully understood, we propose a hypothesis that could have a heuristic value to inspire new studies. These results support the idea that CBD may be a future therapeutic option in psychosis, in general and in schizophrenia, in particular.
Keywords: Cannabidiol, CBD, cannabis, antipsychotic, psychosis
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:A Critical Review of the Antipsychotic Effects of Cannabidiol: 30 Years of a Translational Investigation
Volume: 18 Issue: 32
Author(s): Antonio Waldo Zuardi, Jose Alexandre S. Crippa, Jaime E.C. Hallak, Sagnik Bhattacharyya, Zerrin Atakan, Rocio Martin-Santos, Philip K. McGuire and Francisco Silveira Guimaraes
Affiliation:
Keywords: Cannabidiol, CBD, cannabis, antipsychotic, psychosis
Abstract: Δ 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ 9-THC) is the main compound of the Cannabis Sativa responsible for most of the effects of the plant. Another major constituent is cannabidiol (CBD), formerly regarded to be devoid of pharmacological activity. However, laboratory rodents and human studies have shown that this cannabinoid is able to prevent psychotic-like symptoms induced by high doses of Δ 9- THC. Subsequent studies have demonstrated that CBD has antipsychotic effects as observed using animal models and in healthy volunteers. Thus, this article provides a critical review of the research evaluating antipsychotic potential of this cannabinoid. CBD appears to have pharmacological profile similar to that of atypical antipsychotic drugs as seem using behavioral and neurochemical techniques in animal models. Additionally, CBD prevented human experimental psychosis and was effective in open case reports and clinical trials in patients with schizophrenia with a remarkable safety profile. Moreover, fMRI results strongly suggest that the antipsychotic effects of CBD in relation to the psychotomimetic effects of Δ 9-THC involve the striatum and temporal cortex that have been traditionally associated with psychosis. Although the mechanisms of the antipsychotic properties are still not fully understood, we propose a hypothesis that could have a heuristic value to inspire new studies. These results support the idea that CBD may be a future therapeutic option in psychosis, in general and in schizophrenia, in particular.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Waldo Zuardi Antonio, Alexandre S. Crippa Jose, E.C. Hallak Jaime, Bhattacharyya Sagnik, Atakan Zerrin, Martin-Santos Rocio, K. McGuire Philip and Silveira Guimaraes Francisco, A Critical Review of the Antipsychotic Effects of Cannabidiol: 30 Years of a Translational Investigation, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2012; 18 (32) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161212802884681
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161212802884681 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Diabetes, Cognitive Function, and the Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Pharmaceutical Design Recent Advances in Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology- Strategies for Drug Delivery to the Brain
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Therapeutic Hypothermia in Brain Injuries and Related Diseases
Recent Patents on Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery Brain Excitatory/Inhibitory Circuits Cross-Talking with Chromogranin A During Hypertensive and Hibernating States
Current Medicinal Chemistry Bis(thiosemicarbazone) Metal Complexes as Therapeutics for Neurodegenerative Diseases
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Recent Advances in the Development of Hybrid Molecules/Designed Multiple Compounds with Antiamnesic Properties
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry S-Nitrosylation and Attenuation of Excessive Calcium Flux by Pentacycloundecane Derivatives
Medicinal Chemistry A Comprehensive Investigation of Molecular Signatures and Pathways Linking Alzheimer’s Disease and Epilepsy <i>via</i> Bioinformatic Approaches
Current Alzheimer Research Cortical Consequences of HIV-1 Tat Exposure in Rats are Enhanced by Chronic Cocaine
Current HIV Research Immune Functions of Glia and Neurons in the Central Nervous System
Current Immunology Reviews (Discontinued) Chemical and Biological Aspects of the Natural 1,4-Benzoquinone Embelin and its (semi-)Synthetic Derivatives
Current Medicinal Chemistry Thrombomodulin – A New Target for Treating Stroke at the Crossroad of Coagulation and Inflammation
Current Medicinal Chemistry Chinese Herbs as Immunomodulators and Potential Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs in Autoimmune Disorders
Current Drug Metabolism Possible Neuroprotective Strategies for Huntingtons Disease
Current Neuropharmacology Unusual Clinical Manifestations of the Antiphospholipid Syndrome
Current Rheumatology Reviews RNAi for the Treatment of Prion Disease: A Window for Intervention in Neurodegeneration?
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets CNS Drug Delivery Systems: Novel Approaches
Recent Patents on Drug Delivery & Formulation Cerebrolysin, a Mixture of Neurotrophic Factors Induces Marked Neuroprotection in Spinal Cord Injury Following Intoxication of Engineered Nanoparticles from Metals
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Current Challenges to Overcome in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Associated Neurological Disorders
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets BTX AgilePulse<sup>TM</sup> System is an Effective Electroporation Device for Intramuscular and Intradermal Delivery of DNA Vaccine
Current Gene Therapy